Training and Research on Severe Malarial Anemia

这项建议是我们的全球传染病培训赠款(D43 TW005884)的第三次续期，题为严重疟疾贫血培训和研究。我们的国际疟疾培训和研究计划(IMTRP)成立于2002年(PD/PI，D.Perkins)。在本供资周期内，受训人员在编写同行评议的手稿和在国际会议上发言方面非常多产。根据肯尼亚目前确定的科学培训需求，我们将侧重于专题目标领域：(1)基因组学/生物信息学(2)药物/疫苗发现和(3)生物统计学和流行病学/数学建模。战略培训方法是基于过去和现在的受训者的成功，他们确定了调节SMA发展的遗传途径，从而为发现新的治疗方案奠定了基础。由于SMA的治疗和管理取得的成功非常有限，因此，让受训人员参与支持改进治疗方案的有针对性的重点领域的工作恰逢其时。下一阶段的活动将继续保持新墨西哥大学(UNM)与我们的肯尼亚合作者(肯雅塔大学、马塞诺大学和肯尼亚医学研究所)以及一个新的学术场所(Masinde Muliro科技大学)之间的长期伙伴关系。我们还包括来自洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室的合作伙伴，以及加纳大学新成立的西非传染病病原体细胞生物学中心。WACCBIP的成立是基于最近授予IMTRP一名前博士生的两笔能力建设赠款(1590万美元)。由于WACCBIP的培训任务包括指导肯尼亚科学家，我们将提供联合培训并协同我们的活动。展望未来，我们建议对将过渡到博士学习的现有博士生(2)和硕士学生(2)进行培训。通过与WACCBIP分担费用，我们还将联合培养更多的博士生(4-6名)和每年两名博士后研究员(共10名)。长期培训(12个月)将在UNM和/或LANL为一名博士后研究员/年提供专门培训，并提供中期培训(6至9个月)两到三个科学家/年。我们还将在助学金的每一年培训初级教员(1-2人)，并提供竞争性授予的重返职场助学金，以支持过渡到独立研究员身份(每年1人)。还将通过在肯尼亚举办的年度讲习班提供重点领域的短期深入培训。总体培训模式将促进在肯尼亚持续建立独立研究人员。我们非常成功的培训计划在下一阶段的扩展是基于每年为组建的多学科团队提供超过1.2亿美元的资金。总的来说，培训平台还将提供必要的技术转让和能力建设，以建立肯尼亚科学家的关键群体，以解决其社会面临的具有挑战性的公共卫生问题。

This proposal is the third renewal of our Global Infectious Disease training grant (D43 TW005884) entitled, Training and Research in Severe Malarial Anemia (SMA). Our International Malaria Training and Research Program (IMTRP) was established in 2002 (PD/PI, D. Perkins). During the current funding cycle, trainees were highly prolific in generating peer-reviewed manuscripts and presenting at international meetings. Based on current scientific training needs identified in Kenya, we will focus on thematic target areas: (1) genomics/bioinformatics (2) drug/vaccine discovery and (3) biostatistics and epidemiological/mathematical modeling. The strategic training approach is based on success by past and current trainees who identified genetic pathways that mediate development of SMA, thereby, providing the foundation for discovery of novel treatment options. Engagement of trainees in targeted focus areas that support improved therapeutic options comes at an opportune time since treatment and management of SMA has been met with very limited success. The next phase of activities will continue long-standing partnerships between the University of New Mexico (UNM) and our Kenyan collaborators (Kenyatta and Maseno Universities and Kenya Medical Research Institute), and a new academic site (Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology). We have also included our collaborative partners from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), along with the newly established West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana. Formation of WACCBIP is based on two recent capacity-building grants ($15.9M) awarded to a former PhD trainee in the IMTRP. Since the training mission for WACCBIP includes mentoring Kenyan scientists, we will provide joint training and synergize our activities. Moving forward, we propose training for current doctoral students (2) and MSc students (2) who will transition to PhD studies. Through cost-sharing with WACCBIP, we will also jointly train additional doctoral candidates (4-6), and two postdoctoral fellows per year (10 total). Long- term training (12 mos.) will be offered for specialized training at UNM and/or LANL for one postdoctoral fellow/year, and for medium-term training (6 to 9 mos.) of two to three scientists/year. We will also train junior faculty (1-2) in each year of the grant and offer competitively awarded re-entry grants to support transitioning to independent investigator status (1 per year). Short-term, in-depth training in the focus areas will also be offered through annual workshops in Kenya. The overall training paradigm will foster sustained establishment of independent researchers in Kenya. Expansion of our highly successful training program in the next phase is based on over $120M in annual funding for the multidisciplinary team assembled. Collectively, the training platform will also provide the technology transfer and capacity-building required for establishing a critical mass of Kenyan scientists to address the challenging public health problems facing their society.