Training in the Next Generation in Respiratory Science

7.项目总结/摘要 该提案是针对一项名为“培养下一代呼吸科学”的新培训计划， 充分利用我们的主要本地优势。历史上，UCSD有两个T32赠款，一个在生理学（主要是气体） 交换和运动）和一个肺科（主要是肺动脉高压）。随着时间的推移， 生理学的发展是为了解决新的问题，在我们看来，生理学并没有“死亡”。我们仍然专注于 综合功能和系统生物学的重要性，因此我们使用生理学的概念作为一个 在多个层次上研究呼吸科学的综合者。虽然我们认为我们的科学是尖端的，我们 我们为我们的学员不仅仅关注单个分子、基因或受体， 要牢记综合功能的重要性。我们建议继续与以下方面的合作安排： Drs. Frank Powell和Atul Malhotra分别是生理学和PCCMS部门的现任负责人， 多个私家侦探。自从Malhotra博士到来以来，UCSD的呼吸科学培训已经有了很大的发展， 为睡眠科学和重症监护带来了新的优势。因此，我们扩大了研究 有机会为学员有效参与团队科学做好准备，并不断更新他们的 方法，以新颖的研究问题，将出现在他们的职业生涯。然而，为了提高质量， 指导，我们还删除了效率较低的导师，同时增加了更多的RO 1资助的导师，并正式 根据研究培训和当前研究资金的成功，教师参与的水平。为 例如，加州大学圣地亚哥分校现在在儿科肺部疾病方面具有相当大的实力（例如，维克托尼泽特，加比哈达德，罗布 Knight，Jim Hagood）.因此，我们把儿科作为我们工作的主要重点， 这方面的短缺。我们利用个人发展计划，由MPI，Preceptors和高级管理人员监督。 顾问，为我们所有的学员，以适应不同背景和不同的研究人员 利益我们促进医学博士和博士之间的合作，确保每个人都有经验， 在多学科研究的能力，并确保我们所有的学员有一个坚实的基础，在生理 方法，为在任何水平上研究的研究问题提供临床背景。我们促进 凝聚力，团队精神和独特的身份，为我们的学员通过共同的活动，涉及我们所有的学员 和导师，如每周学术活动会议（SAM），我们的肺部研究小组，和季度 撤退。我们致力于培训计划，包括学术生涯发展的每一个阶段， 从“摇篮到坟墓”，包括将初级教师培养成独立的调查人员，甚至改善 我们最资深的教师的指导技能。我们还将继续致力于使下一代 我们的长期跟踪记录和最近的招聘证明了呼吸科学家。缺乏一个 强大的管道多学科研究人员谁可以应用现代综合方法的问题， 呼吸科学是一个危机，但它是一个挑战，我们有资格和渴望解决。

7. PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT This proposal is for a new training program entitled “Training the Next Generation in Respiratory Science” that capitalizes on our major local strengths. Historically UCSD had two T32 grants, one in Physiology (primarily gas exchange and exercise) and one in Pulmonology (primarily pulmonary hypertension). Over time, the field of physiology has evolved to solve new problems and in our view is not ‘dead’. We remain focused on the importance of integrated function and systems biology and thus we use the concepts of physiology as an integrator across respiratory science studied at multiple levels. While we view our science as cutting edge, we pride ourselves on the fact that our trainees do not just focus on a single molecule or gene or receptor but rather keep in mind the importance of integrated function. We propose to continue our collaborative arrangements with Drs. Frank Powell and Atul Malhotra, current Chiefs of the Divisions of Physiology and PCCMS, respectively, as Multiple PIs. Training in respiratory science at UCSD has evolved considerably since Dr. Malhotra’s arrival as he brought in new strengths in sleep science as well as in critical care. Thus, we have expanded the research opportunities to prepare trainees for participating effectively in team science and continually renewing their approach to novel research questions that will arise during their careers. However, to improve the quality of mentoring, we also removed less effective mentors while adding more RO1-funded preceptors and formalizing the levels of faculty participation based on success in research training and current research funding. For example, UCSD now has considerable strength in Pediatric Lung Disease (e.g. Victor Nizet, Gabby Haddad, Rob Knight, Jim Hagood). Thus we made Pediatrics a major focus of our efforts which also addresses the national shortage in this area. We utilize individual development plans, overseen by the MPIs, Preceptors and senior advisors, for all of our trainees to accommodate people with diverse backgrounds and different research interests. We promote collaboration between MDs and PhDs, insure that everyone has experience and competency in multidisciplinary research, and insure all of our trainees have a strong foundation in physiological approaches that provides a clinical context for research problems studied at any level. We promote cohesiveness, team spirit and a unique identity for our trainees via common activities involving all of our trainees and mentors such as weekly scholarly activity meetings (SAMs), our Lung Investigator Group, and quarterly retreats. We are committed to a training program that includes every phase of academic career development, from ‘cradle to grave’ including developing junior faculty into independent investigators, and even improving the mentoring skills in our most senior faculty. We also remain committed to diversifying the next generation of respiratory scientists as demonstrated by our long-term track-record and recent recruitments. The lack of a robust pipeline for multidisciplinary researchers who can apply modern integrative approaches to problems in respiratory science is a crisis, but it is a challenge that we are well-qualified and anxious to address.