Demography, health, and contraceptive use of repeat teenage mothers

项目摘要 在美国，每年23万名青少年母亲所生的孩子中，有近五分之一是重复生育(青少年母亲所生的孩子 已经有一个或多个孩子的人)，其中绝大多数是无意的。重回青春期的母亲是 青少年的高危群体；他们更有可能高中辍学，不太可能就业， 而且更有可能有心理健康问题，开始产前护理的时间较晚，或者更多地没有接受产前护理 经常与第一次怀孕的青少年和年龄较大的母亲相比。她们早产的发生率也更高。 与第一次怀孕的青少年母亲和年龄较大的母亲相比，出生、婴儿出生体重和婴儿死亡率都较低。 尽管这些母亲和她们的孩子是脆弱的，但与之相比，她们的研究明显不足 第一次做青少年母亲。这些人口的人口构成，他们的健康状况，他们的知识 对避孕措施的态度也没有很好的记录。我们也缺乏对过程的理解，因为 哪些青少年选择他们的避孕措施，必要的知识来告知适当的教育和 促进希望防止二胎出生的青少年母亲接受有效的避孕措施。建议数 研究有3个目的：1.从人口统计学角度描述美国重做母亲的青少年群体 特征、生殖健康和避孕措施的使用，并将这些人口与第一次怀孕的青少年进行比较 母亲和年龄较大的母亲(20-25岁)。2.找出影响青少年使用Long的个人因素 在高和低获得率州、科罗拉多州和德克萨斯州使用有效可逆避孕药(LARC)。3.识别 关于产后避孕的知识、态度、意图和可获得性，特别是 LARC，在青少年中。该奖项将为Julie Maslowsky博士提供培训和指导，Julie Maslowsky博士是一名发展性 德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的心理学家和人口健康科学家，人口学，青少年 生殖健康和性行为，以及定性研究方法，以补充她现有的 在青少年发展、人口健康和量化方法方面的专业知识。培训和研究 经验将使马斯洛夫斯基博士成为一名独立科学家，制作一项新颖、高效、 对青少年生殖健康的影响研究。拟议的研究结果将产生新颖的结果。 洞察青少年母亲的人口构成，她们的健康状况，以及她们的知识， 关于避孕的态度和经验。这种洞察力是填补当前 关于青少年母亲重复生育的政策和实践上的差距。最终，这项研究将为成功的 向渴望避孕的青少年母亲提供有效避孕措施，以减少意外避孕的数量 重复青少年生育，最终在全国范围内带来更健康的母亲和婴儿。

Project Summary Nearly 1/5 of the 230,000 annual births to teen mothers in the US are repeat births (births to a teen mother who already has one or more children), the large majority of which are unintended. Repeat teen mothers are a high-risk group of adolescents; they are more likely to drop out of high school, are less likely to be employed, and more likely to have mental health problems, and start prenatal care later or receive no prenatal care more frequently compared to first-time teen and older mothers. They also experience higher incidence of preterm birth, low infant birth weight, and infant mortality compared to both first time teen mothers and older mothers. Despite the vulnerability of these mothers and their children, they have been notably understudied compared to first-time teen mothers. The demographic composition of this population, their health profile, their knowledge and attitudes toward contraceptive are not well documented. We also lack understanding of the processes by which teens choose their contraception, knowledge that is necessary to inform appropriate education and facilitate uptake of effective contraception among teen mothers wishing to prevent a repeat birth. The proposed research has 3 aims: 1. Characterize the US repeat teenage mother population with regards to demographic characteristics, reproductive health, and contraceptive use and compare this population to first time teen mothers and older mothers (ages 20-25). 2. Identify individual factors that influence teens' desire to use long acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) in high- and low-access states, Colorado and Texas. 3. Identify knowledge, attitudes, intentions, and perceived accessibility regarding postpartum contraception, particularly LARCs, among teens. This award will provide training and mentorship to Dr. Julie Maslowsky, a developmental psychologist and population health scientist at the University of Texas at Austin, in demography, adolescent reproductive health and sexual behavior, and qualitative research methods to complement her existing expertise in adolescent development, population health, and quantitative methods. The training and research experience will prepare Dr. Maslowsky to be an independent scientist producing a program of novel, high- impact research on adolescent reproductive health. The results of the proposed research will yield novel insights into the population composition of repeat teen mothers, their health profile, and their knowledge, attitudes, and experiences regarding contraception. Such insights are a necessary first step to fill the current gap in policy and practice around repeat births to teen mothers. Ultimately, this research will inform successful provision of effective contraception to teen mothers who desire it in order to reduce the number of unintended repeat teenage births and ultimately lead to healthier mothers and babies across the nation.