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Investigating the role of NRF2 in promoting radioresistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Investigating the role of NRF2 in promoting radioresistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
研究 NRF2 在促进口腔鳞状细胞癌放射抗性中的作用。
批准号:
9760504
负责人:
Ryan Mary Murphy
金额:
$4.58万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-07-01 至 2023-06-30
关键词:
AllelesAmerican Cancer SocietyAntioxidantsApoptosisAutomobile DrivingBiological AssayCancer BiologyCancer ModelCancer PatientCell LineCell ProliferationCell SurvivalCellsCessation of lifeChemicalsClinicalClustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic RepeatsDNA DamageDataDisease ProgressionDrug TargetingEffectivenessEmbryoEnterobacteria phage P1 Cre recombinaseExposure toExpression ProfilingFDA approvedFibroblastsFoundationsGene ExpressionGeneticGenetic TranscriptionGenetically Engineered MouseGoalsGrantHead and Neck Squamous Cell CarcinomaHumanImmunohistochemistryIn VitroKeratinKnock-inLiteratureMalignant Epithelial CellMalignant NeoplasmsMalignant neoplasm of lungMass Spectrum AnalysisMeasuresMediatingMetabolic stressMethodsModelingMouse ProteinMusMutateMutationNF-E2-related factor 2OralOral cavityOutcomeOxidative StressPathway interactionsPatient-Focused OutcomesPatientsPharmacologyPhasePhenotypePhosphotransferasesProteinsPublishingRadiationRadiation ProtectionRadiation therapyRadiation-Sensitizing AgentsRadiobiologyRadioresistanceRadiosensitizationReactive Oxygen SpeciesRegulationResectedResistanceRoleSignal TransductionSurvival RateTechniquesTestingTrainingUnited StatesUnresectableValidationWorkcancer cellcancer geneticscancer initiationcancer typechemical carcinogenclinically relevantdruggable targetexperimental studyimprovedin vivoinhibitor/antagonistkeratinocytekinase inhibitorknock-downlive cell imagingmalignant mouth neoplasmmortalitymouse modelmouth squamous cell carcinomamutantneoplastic celloutcome forecastpreventprogramspromoterradiation resistanceresistance mechanismsmall moleculestandard of caretargeted treatmenttherapy resistanttranscription factortranscriptome sequencingtumortumor growth

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中文摘要
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英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT:    Constitutively active NRF2 signaling is associated with radiation resistance and poor patient outcome in several  cancer  types,  including oral  squamous  cell  carcinoma  (OSCC).  NRF2  is  a  transcription factor  which  drives  the  phase II antioxidant gene expression program. In cancer, NRF2 is frequently mutated to become constitutively  active,  resulting  in  protection  from  oxidative  and  metabolic  stress,  thereby  driving  radioresistance.  The  established role of NRF2 in promoting radioresistance makes it an attractive drug target to treat cancer patients.  Our group generated the first clinically relevant NRF2 mutant (Nrf2E79Q) GEMM to evaluate the role of NRF2 in  cancer  initiation,  progression  and  therapeutic  resistance.  My  preliminary  data  show  that  mouse  embryonic  fibroblasts  (MEFs)  derived  from  our  Nrf2E79Q  GEMM  have  increased  cell  viability  and  proliferation  following  radiation treatment compared to those with wild-­type NRF2. These findings are consistent with the literature and  demonstrate  that  NRF2  protects  cells  from  oxidative  stress  and  radiation.  Through  genetic  crossing,  we  have  isolated  NRF2  expression  to  the  oral  cavity  and  will  induce  OSCC  by  treating  the  mice  with  a  chemical  carcinogen.  For  my  thesis project,  I  will  study  the role  of  NRF2  in  OSCC   in  vivo  and  in  vitro using  tumor  cells  derived  from  our  model,  analyzing  cell  viability,  cell  proliferation,  and  gene  expression  differences  between  Nrf2E79Q and wild-­type upon radiation treatment. I hypothesize that NRF2 promotes resistance to radiation  in  oral  squamous  cell  carcinoma  and  inhibiting  NRF2  will  mitigate  this  resistance.  Despite  extensive  evidence  of  a  negative  impact  of  NRF2  activity  on  clinical  outcome,  there  remains  no  FDA  approved  NRF2  inhibitors. As a transcription factor, NRF2 is inherently difficult to directly target. Therefore, we sought to identify  druggable targets—specifically kinases—that regulate NRF2. To this end, we performed a high-­throughput live  cell  imaging  chemical  screen  using  the  Published  Kinase  Inhibitor  Set  (PKIS).  I  have  validated  numerous  hits  from the screen as NRF2 inhibitors, including compounds with strong selectivity to multiple PI3Ks. In addition to  studying  the  role  of  NRF2  activation  in  oral  keratinocytes  and  OSCC,  my  thesis  work  will  also  test  the  effectiveness of these inhibitors in sensitizing Nrf2E79Q OSCC cells to radiation. Further, to empower translational  relevance, I will create human isogenic cell lines with a Nrf2E79Q allele using CRISPR to study whether inhibiting  NRF2 decreases radioprotection in a human OSCC. Validation of the effectiveness of these kinase inhibitors will  bring  the  field  a  step  closer  to  targeting  NRF2  in  cancer  and  ultimately  improve    patient  outcomes.  The  work  prosed in this grant and my larger thesis will provide me with extensive and strong training in new techniques as  well as in the concepts of mouse modeling, treatment resistance, radiation biology, and targeted therapies.
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Investigating the role of NRF2 in promoting radioresistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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