Analysis of blood biomarkers of Alzheimer's and other dementias following traumatic brain injury and/or blast exposure in military personnel

轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI），也称为脑震荡，是一种常见的 在军队中，通常因暴露于简易爆炸物而造成的战场损伤 装置（IED）、福尔斯、车辆碰撞、其他与战斗有关的活动、训练或运动。超过 379，000名美国军人（SM）在以下时间段内遭受任何严重程度的TBI 2000年和2017年（15%由于伊拉克和阿富汗的战斗相关活动; 82.3%分类 作为mTBI）。过去的研究表明，单次和重复性mTBI/脑震荡之间存在联系， 相关的临床症状，包括睡眠障碍，头痛和记忆问题。 更大数量的终生脑震荡与失眠增加有关， 抑郁、情绪困扰和脑震荡症状严重程度。同样， mTBI/脑震荡与随后的神经系统疾病的发展有关， 精神疾病，如情绪障碍、轻度认知障碍、慢性创伤性 脑病、痴呆（特别是阿尔茨海默型）。由于严重的 症状和生活质量的显着影响，早期识别这些疾病是 势在必行已经发现了与这些疾病相关的几种生物标志物， 脑脊液（CSF）;然而，由于其侵入性，CSF难以获得。 收藏.因此，我们希望收集有关军事人员血液生物标志物的初步数据 在战斗部署期间遭受脑震荡或爆炸暴露的人员， 以比较损伤后与损伤前的浓度。我们假设， 神经元生物标志物将与脑震荡后的慢性、持续的临床症状相关联。

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), otherwise known as concussion, is a common battlefield injury that, in the military, typically results from exposure to improvised explosive devices (IEDs), falls, vehicular crashes, other combat-related activities, training, or sports. Over 379,000 United States military service members (SMs) sustained a TBI of any severity between 2000 and 2017 (15% due to combat-related activities in Iraq and Afghanistan; 82.3% classified as mTBI). Past studies suggest a link between single and repetitive mTBI/concussion and associated clinical symptoms, including sleep disturbance, headaches, and memory problems. A greater number of total lifetime concussions has been linked to increased insomnia, depression, emotional distress, and concussion symptom severity. Similarly, history of mTBI/concussion has been associated with subsequent development of neurological and psychiatric illness, such as mood disorders, mild cognitive impairment, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, dementia (in particular, Alzheimer’s-type). Because of the severity of symptoms and significant impact on quality of life, early identification of these diseases is imperative. Several biomarkers associated with these diseases have been found in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); however, CSF is difficult to obtain due to the invasive nature of its collection. Therefore, we wish to collect preliminary data on blood biomarkers in military personnel who have sustained a concussion or blast exposure during combat deployment, in order to compare concentrations post-injury to pre-injury. We hypothesize that changes in neuronal biomarkers will be linked to chronic, persistent clinical symptoms following concussion.