Genetic basis for host preference in Culex pipiens

淡色库蚊寄主偏好的遗传基础

• 批准号: 10199924
• 负责人: Megan Lindsay Fritz
• 金额: $ 38.93万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10199924
• 关键词: Alleles; Backcrossings; Behavior; Biological Assay; Birds; Bite; Blood; Chicago; Culex (Genus); Culex pipiens; Culicidae; Data; Development; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Epidemiology; Feeding behaviors; Feeds; Future; Gene Family; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Markers; Genetic Polymorphism; Genome; Genomic Segment; Genomics; Geography; Habits; Human; Hybrids; Individual; Infectious Disease Epidemiology; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Link; Locales; Location; Mammals; Measures; Modeling; Molecular; New England; Outcome; Pattern; Performance; Phenotype; Population; Population Genetics; Public Health; Research; Risk; Shapes; System; Testing; Vectorial capacity; Washington; West Nile virus; Work; Zoonoses; base; comparative genomics; disease transmission; enzootic; epidemiological model; epizootic; feeding; field study; genomic data; high risk; improved; metropolitan; novel; offspring; pathogen; predictive modeling; preference; product development; response; tool; trait; transmission process; urban area; vector; vector control; vector management strategies; viral transmission

Project Summary When seeking blood, mosquito species are often biased toward one host over others, and this can significantly impact their likelihood of transmitting disease to humans. It is becoming increasingly clear that host seeking biases are genomically based, but significant gaps in our knowledge of the exact genomic drivers of these biases still exist. In the case of Culex pipiens, very little is known about what genes drive host location and feeding behaviors, and yet they are the primary vectors of West Nile virus (WNV) to humans across the Northeastern United States. WNV is typically transmitted from bird to bird by the bite of a Cx. pipiens mosquito, but human outbreaks occur annually. The two inter-fertile forms of Cx. pipiens, known as true pipiens and molestus, complicate the WNV transmission picture. True pipiens breeds above ground and is thought to primarily feed on birds, while molestus breeds below ground near human habitations, and feeds on mammals, including humans. The current paradigm is that interbreeding between molestus and the above ground pipiens forms leads to heightened human WNV transmission. Our research aims to empirically test this paradigm by: 1) quantifying the behaviors of above ground pipiens, below ground molestus and their hybrids in response to avian and mammalian hosts, and linking host choices to underlying genomic regions in a laboratory setting, 2) field-collecting avian and mammal-fed Cx. pipiens to determine which regions of the mosquito genome are associated with divergent host feeding, and 3) using a well-established epidemiological model to measure the effect of hybridization between the avian- and mammalian-feeding forms of Cx. pipiens on WNV transmission risk in humans.

项目总结