Brain-behavior vulnerability to sleep loss in children: a dimensional study of attention and impulsivity

儿童睡眠不足的大脑行为脆弱性：注意力和冲动的维度研究

基本信息

批准号：
10297377
负责人：
Jared Meyer Saletin
金额：
$ 55.01万
依托单位：
EMMA PENDLETON BRADLEY HOSPITAL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-08-09 至 2026-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10297377
关键词：
13 year old Academic achievement Acute Address Adolescent Adult Affect Arousal Attention Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Behavior Behavioral Mechanisms Biological Assay Brain Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Child Childhood Chronic Circadian Rhythms Clinic Cognition Cognitive Complex Data Data Collection Dimensions Electroencephalography Enrollment Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Gaussian model Goals Home Image Impairment Impulsivity Individual Differences Machine Learning Mediating Mediator of activation protein Melatonin Mental Health Methods Middle School Student Modeling National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institute of Mental Health Neurocognitive Neurocognitive Deficit Neurodevelopmental Disorder Outcome Participant Pattern Performance Phase Phenotype Physiological Physiology Population Predictive Factor Psyche structure Rest Risk Risk Factors Sampling Schools Sleep Sleep Deprivation Sleep disturbances Study Subject Sum Symptoms Testing Time Ursidae Family Validation Work Youth base brain behavior circadian cognitive development comparative design experience experimental study inattention indexing innovation memory recall neurocognitive test neuroimaging performance tests relating to nervous system resilience simulation sleep regulation success sustained attention tau Proteins

项目摘要

Project Summary Children and adolescents increasingly experience insufficient or poorly timed sleep as early school start times collide with maturational changes in sleep regulation. However, we lack a deep understanding of both the brain-behavior consequences of this sleep loss and the factors that distinguish which children may be increasingly vulnerable and which are comparatively resilient to its effects. This is particularly salient for the brain-behavior mechanisms underlying attention and impulsivity: two cognitive domains which are acutely impacted by sleep loss, are critical for academic success, and are core aspects of neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD). Attempts to address these issues are hindered by limited mechanistic studies, overreliance on data from adults, and the use of neurotypical samples only. Thus, this R01 project tackles these challenges with a within-subject at-home sleep restriction experiment with combined methods of fMRI, neurocognitive testing, EEG, and circadian physiology to bear on this important problem. We aim to enroll (over five years) 150, 10-13-year-old children across levels of inattention and impulsivity. We will compare a sleep optimized baseline to 5 nights of sleep restriction. Each child is characterized on several attention and impulsivity metrics to compile baseline risk scores for each domain. Resting neural arousal (waking frontal EEG theta power) and circadian timing (melatonin onset phase angle) index sleep-relevant physiology as candidate mechanisms altering a child’s resilience to sleep loss. Repeated functional magnetic resonance imaging using task-based and resting paradigms, with complex modeling of behavior variability characterizes sleep loss’s impact on attention and impulsivity. A performance battery indexes neurocognitive impairments relevant for academic achievement. Finally, machine learning is used to determine examine distinct phenotypes of baseline risk factors and sleep-loss vulnerability in our sample. In sum, this project will advance both NICHD and NIMH’s goal to understand mechanisms of complex behavior; here, consequences and mediators of sleep loss for children.

项目摘要随着早期上学时间与睡眠调节的成熟变化相撞。但是，我们对这两者都缺乏深刻的了解这种睡眠损失的脑行为后果以及区分哪些儿童的因素越来越脆弱，它们对其影响相对有弹性。这对于注意力和冲动性的脑行为机制：两个敏锐的认知领域受睡眠损失影响，对学术成功至关重要，并且是神经发育的核心方面注意力缺陷/多动症（ADHD）等疾病。解决这些问题的尝试是受到有限的机械研究，成人数据过度依赖的阻碍以及使用神经型样本仅有的。这是该R01项目通过受试者内部的睡眠限制实验解决了这些挑战通过fMRI，神经认知测试，脑电图和昼夜节律生理学的结合方法重要问题。我们的目标是（超过五年）150、10-13岁的儿童在注意力不集中和冲动。我们将比较睡眠优化的基线与5晚的睡眠限制。每个孩子都是以几个关注和冲动度指标为特征，以编译每个领域的基线风险评分。静止的神经唤醒（醒来的额外脑电图theta功率）和昼夜节律时间（褪黑激素开始相角）索引与睡眠相关的生理学作为候选机制，改变了儿童对睡眠损失的韧性。重复使用基于任务和静止范式的功能磁共振成像，并具有复杂的建模行为变异性特征睡眠损失对注意力和冲动的影响。性能电池索引与学术成就有关的神经认知障碍。最后，机器学习习惯了确定样本中基线危险因素和睡眠失眠脆弱性的不同表型。总之，该项目将促进NICHD和NIMH了解复杂行为机制的目标。在这里，儿童睡眠损失的后果和调解人。