Defining and Optimizing Critical Interpretation Skills in Screening Mammography to Improve Cancer Detection

项目摘要摘要 关于放射科住院医师如何发展解释技能的信息严重缺乏。 筛查乳房X光检查。因此，几乎不知道如何避免或纠正知觉和认知中的错误 认知力。大多数放射科住院医生只接受了至少12周的乳房成像检查。 训练。然而，美国的大多数乳房X光检查都是由普通放射科医生进行解释的，而不是 委员会认证的乳房成像仪。不填补这一教育空白对病人护理的负面影响是 继续漏掉癌症和不必要的额外成像和活组织检查。这个项目的长期目标是 是通过提供客观的工具来减少乳房成像中的解释错误，以改善患者的预后 和资源，以改善实习生教育。 这项建议的总体目标是了解认知和知觉技能的发展 汇聚放射学、计算机科学、教育学等领域专家的专业模拟系统 心理学，还有心理学。住院医生没有机会解释乳房X光检查 独立于主治放射科医生的研究。因此，没有提供机会来‘练习’他们的技能。我们的 教育系统需要改进。该项目将实施一个专门的模拟系统与 放射科住院医师在筛查乳房X光摄影中的序贯评价 向受训人员提供措施和反馈。这个项目的中心假设是一个系统化的模拟 住院医师培训中筛查乳房X光摄影系统将有助于识别关键的认知和知觉 对病人护理和结果产生负面影响的错误。这一假设将通过三个具体目标进行检验： 1)使用机器学习工具为连续的模拟会话开发一致的用例集。2)考核 序贯模拟训练的影响和检验个体学习差异的预测因素 轨迹，由a)评估在乳房筛查模拟中放射科住院医师和研究员的解释技能 系统，b)在模拟会话中使用眼球跟踪评估实时感知技能，以及c)评估 居民的基本认知和感知能力以及人格特征。3)评估和量化 序贯模拟训练的效果。 这项研究方案是创新的，因为它为放射科住院医师提供了连续的机会。 在专门的模拟系统中独立解释筛查乳房X光检查将获得 关于在现实世界实践中随着时间的推移而发展解释和感知技能的信息。 这项研究建议具有重要意义，因为模拟培训在掌握高风险风险技能和 将他们置于低风险的遭遇中，以评估和提高绩效。改进制剂的制备工艺 放射科居民解读筛查乳房X光照片将对妇女健康产生深远影响 整体公共卫生。

Project Summary Abstract There is a critical lack of information regarding how radiology residents develop interpretive skills for screening mammography. Consequently, little is known how to avert or correct errors in perception and cognition. The majority of radiology residents have only the required minimum 12 weeks of breast imaging training. Yet, the majority of mammograms in the United States are interpreted by general radiologists, not board-certified breast imagers. The negative impact on patient care by not filling this gap in education is continued missed cancers and unnecessary additional imaging and biopsies. The long-term goal of this project is to reduce interpretive errors in breast imaging for improved patient outcomes by providing objective tools and resources to improve trainee education. The overall objectives of this proposal are to understand cognitive and perceptual skill development in a specialized simulation system by bringing together experts in radiology, computer science, educational psychology, and psychology. In residency there is no opportunity for residents to interpret mammographic studies independently from attending radiologists. Thus, offering no opportunity to ‘practice’ their skills. Our education system needs improvement. This project will implement a specialized simulation system with sequential evaluation of radiology resident performance in screening mammography providing objective measures and feedback to trainees. The central hypothesis of this project is that a systemized simulation screening mammography system within residency training will aid in identifying critical cognitive and perceptual errors that negatively impact patient care and outcomes. This hypothesis will be tested by three specific aims: 1) Use machine learning tools to develop congruent case sets for consecutive simulation sessions. 2) Assess the impact of sequential simulation training and examine predictors of individual differences in learning trajectories, by a) assess interpretive skills of radiology residents and fellows in the breast screening simulation system, b) assess real-time perception skills with eye tracking in simulation sessions, and c) assess the resident’s fundamental cognitive and perceptual abilities as well as personality traits. 3) Assess and quantify the effects of sequential simulation training. This research proposal is innovative, in that it provides sequential opportunities for radiology residents to independently interpret screening mammograms in a specialized simulation system that will obtain information about the development of interpretive and perceptive skills over time during real-world practice. This research proposal is significant because simulation training is effective at taking high-risk stakes skills and putting them in a low risk encounters to assess and improve performance. Improving the preparation of radiology residents to interpret screening mammograms will have far reaching impact on women’s health and overall public health.