Functional brain mapping in pediatric neurosurgery

小儿神经外科的功能性脑图谱

• 批准号: 10444701
• 负责人: EISHI ASANO
• 金额: $ 50.13万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-03-01 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10444701
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Acute; Adult; Age; Anatomy; Anterior; Area; Atlases; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Behavior; Biological Markers; Brain; Brain Mapping; Brain region; Childhood; Clinical; Code; Coupled; Coupling; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dimensions; Dissociation; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology (science); Epilepsy; Evaluation; Event; Excision; Fiber; Frequencies; Goals; Grant; High Frequency Oscillation; Human; Individual; Language; Language Disorders; Linguistics; Lobe; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Methods; Modeling; Morphologic artifacts; Movement; Names; Neurobiology; Neuropsychology; Operative Surgical Procedures; Outcome; Parietal; Pathologic; Pathway interactions; Patients; Performance; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Physiological; Postoperative Period; Seizures; Speech Sound; Stimulus; Superior temporal gyrus; Techniques; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Validation; Visual; age related; auditory stimulus; base; clinical practice; cognitive function; cohort; improved; individual patient; innovation; language outcome; lexical; lexical retrieval; machine learning model; neurosurgery; novel; patient subsets; predictive modeling; preservation; programs; prospective; recruit; relating to nervous system; resilience; response; sound; tractography; white matter; white matter damage

We will determine the utility of a novel brain mapping technique for epilepsy presurgical evaluation, referred to as 'six-dimensional (6D) dynamic tractography'. This innovative program animates the rapid neural propagations along MRI-defined, 3D white matter tracts that connect regions supporting cognitive functions. Specifically, it will use event-related high gamma activity to localize the regions supporting specific linguistic functions and compute the velocity and strength of neural propagations based on the latency and amplitude of early neural responses to single-pulse electrical stimulation. We expect that considering both the negative effect of damaged white matter tracts and the positive effect of seizure control will help optimize the model's performance in predicting postoperative language outcomes; this will be accomplished by incorporating the 6D dynamic tractography and objective epilepsy biomarkers, including spontaneous high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) coupled to slow-waves, into our predictive model. By also identifying and considering the physiological high gamma augmentation strictly time-locked to stimuli and behaviors, our innovative intracranial EEG analysis will better distinguish the randomly- occurring pathologic HFOs. Another significant advancement provided by our model is its independence of conventional electrical stimulation mapping, which can acutely elicit seizures and fail to satisfactorily localize language areas in certain patient subsets. Additionally, this project will use 6D dynamic tractography to provide an explicit neurobiological model of language network dynamics, allowing us to tease apart the specific pathways originating from temporal lobe cortices that support the lexical retrieval of auditory or visual domains. Our prior project indicated that the arcuate fasciculus fibers support the direct transfer of lexical representations of auditory sentences. We will now determine whether the lexical representations of visual objects are likewise transferred via the arcuate fasciculus or others, including the fusiform-parietal fasciculus. To accomplish these goals, this project will prospectively recruit a new cohort of 80 epilepsy patients - age range: 0.5 to 21 years - undergoing extraoperative intracranial EEG recording and subsequent resective surgery. Finally, we will determine if the human brain creates and strengthens language-related functional parcellations throughout development. It has been suggested that the adult brain efficiently activates the posterior superior-temporal gyrus (STG) only during sound onset to decode the boundary between sounds. In contrast, the anterior STG shows sustained activation during an auditory stimulus to encode the phonetic features. We will determine if such a functional parcellation is more evident in older individuals, whose brains are more developed. While providing hypotheses focusing on specific brain regions, we will perform all of the proposed analyses at the whole-brain level. We will make all data and codes publicly available to facilitate external validation and implementation.

我们将确定一种新的脑标测技术在癫痫术前评估中的实用性， 称为“六维（6D）动态追踪”。这个创新的程序激活了快速的神经传播 沿着MRI定义的3D白色物质束连接支持认知功能的区域。具体将 使用与事件相关的高伽马活动来定位支持特定语言功能的区域，并计算 基于早期神经反应的潜伏期和振幅的神经传播的速度和强度 单脉冲电刺激。我们希望，考虑到损坏的白色 物质束和癫痫控制的积极作用将有助于优化模型的预测性能 术后语言结果;这将通过结合6D动态纤维束成像和 客观的癫痫生物标志物，包括自发高频振荡（HFO）耦合到慢波， 我们的预测模型。通过严格识别和考虑生理高伽马增强， 时间锁定的刺激和行为，我们的创新颅内脑电图分析将更好地区分随机- 出现病理性HFO。我们的模型提供的另一个重要的进步是它的独立性， 传统的电刺激标测，可急性诱发癫痫发作，无法令人满意地定位 在某些患者亚群中的语言区域。此外，该项目将使用6D动态纤维束成像提供 语言网络动力学的明确神经生物学模型，使我们能够梳理出特定的通路， 源自支持听觉或视觉领域词汇提取的颞叶皮层。我们事先 研究表明，弓状束纤维支持听觉词汇表征的直接传递， 句子.我们现在将确定视觉对象的词汇表征是否也被同样地转移 通过弓状束或其他，包括梭状-顶叶束。为了实现这些目标， 该项目将前瞻性招募80名癫痫患者的新队列-年龄范围：0.5至21岁-接受 术中颅内EEG记录和随后的切除手术。最后，我们将确定 人类大脑在整个发育过程中创造和加强与语言相关的功能分组。它有 有人认为，成年人的大脑有效地激活后颞上回（STG），只有在 声音起始解码声音之间的边界。相反，前STG显示持续激活， 以编码语音特征。我们将确定这种功能性分割 在大脑更发达的老年人中更为明显。在提供假设的同时， 具体的大脑区域，我们将在全脑水平上进行所有拟议的分析。我们将使所有数据 和代码，以便于外部验证和实施。