Risk and protective factors for Black youth suicide and suicidal ideation and behaviors

黑人青少年自杀以及自杀意念和行为的风险和保护因素

• 批准号: 10664624
• 负责人: Wenna Xi
• 金额: $ 12.77万
• 依托单位: WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10664624
• 关键词: 13 year old; Aborigine; Address; Adopted; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Area; Automobile Driving; Award; Behavior; Belief; Big Data; Black race; Clinical; Clinical Data; Competence; Complex; County; Data; Databases; Dedications; Dimensions; Disparity; Electronic Health Record; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Evaluation; Factor Analysis; Feeling suicidal; Foundations; Future; Geographic Distribution; Geography; Goals; Healthcare Systems; Hispanic; Human; Individual; Intervention; Inuits; Knowledge; Life; Location; Measures; Medical History; Mental Health; Modeling; National Institute of Mental Health; Nature; Neighborhoods; New York City; Persons; Phase; Policies; Population; Prevention; Public Health; Race; Racial Segregation; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Risk Reduction Behavior; Sampling; Suicide; Suicide attempt; Suicide prevention; System; Testing; Time; Training; Work; Youth; aged; career; clinical risk; contagion; design; effective intervention; health disparity; improved; indexing; machine learning model; marijuana use; mortality; mortality risk; multidisciplinary; novel; pre-doctoral; protective factors; public health priorities; reducing suicide; residential segregation; social; social factors; social integration; spatiotemporal; statistical and machine learning; suicidal; suicidal adolescent; suicidal behavior; suicidal morbidity; suicidal risk; suicide rate; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The rates of suicide and suicidal ideation and behaviors (SIB) among Black youth have increased drastically in the past decade, with the rate of suicide rising from 2.55 per 100,000 to 4.82 per 100,000 from 2007 to 2017. As compared to their White counterparts, the risk of suicide for Black youth under 13 years old has doubled in the same time period. The overarching goals of this study are to improve our understanding of the uniqueness and complex etiology of Black youth suicide and SIB through a multi-dimensional approach and to provide valuable information for future policies targeting suicide reduction among the Black youth population. To do so, I will first identify risk and protective factors for Black youth (aged 10-24 years) suicide and SIB by jointly considering individuals’ medical history, neighborhood-level social integration level, and the geographic distributions of neighborhoods and suicide rates. A large electronic health records (EHR) database from multiple healthcare systems across New York City (NYC) will be used so that I can gather enough cases of Black youth suicide and SIB along with their clinical data. Secondly, more culturally sensitive theories are needed to explain the underlying mechanism driving Black youth suicide and SIB. Suicide and SIB tend to cluster in geographic space. Prior research using US county-level mortality data has found that the geographic clustering of suicide rates is affected by both social integration and imitation. Durkheim's social integration theory suggests that the more socially integrated a person is, the less likely one is to end his/her life. Tarde’s imitation theory explains suicide as a result of humans adopting the beliefs and behaviors of others in neighboring areas, suggesting suicide as a contagion. Both the social integration and imitation theories have been tested on the general youth population as well as the aboriginal and Inuit youth population. However, whether they can explain contemporary Black youth suicide and SIB is yet to be evaluated. I will develop a composite measure to quantify neighborhoods’ social integration level, which will be used to evaluate the social integration theory along with the imitation theory on the Black youth population. Finally, the counterfactual effects of these social factors on Black youth suicide and SIB risk reduction will also be evaluated. The proposed study addresses an important public health crisis and the completion of the study will inform the design of social and clinical policies that have greater efficiency in reducing the rates of Black youth suicide and SIB. Given the array of new competencies and the multidisciplinary nature of the proposed work, this K99/R00 award is a necessary step to achieve the candidate’s career goal of leading an interdisciplinary team committed to closing the gaps of youth mental health disparities.

项目概要/摘要 黑人青年的自杀率以及自杀意念和行为（SIB）在 过去十年，自杀率从2007年的每10万人中有2.55人上升至2017年的每10万人中有4.82人。 与白人同行相比，13 岁以下黑人青少年的自杀风险增加了一倍 同一时间段。这项研究的总体目标是提高我们对独特性的理解 通过多维方法研究黑人青少年自杀和 SIB 的复杂病因，并提供 为未来旨在减少黑人青年自杀的政策提供宝贵的信息。为此， 我将首先联合确定黑人青少年（10-24 岁）自杀和 SIB 的风险和保护因素 考虑个人的病史、社区层面的社会融合水平和地理 社区分布和自杀率。大型电子健康记录 (EHR) 数据库 将使用纽约市 (NYC) 的多个医疗保健系统，以便我能够收集足够的病例 黑人青年自杀和 SIB 及其临床数据。其次，更具文化敏感性的理论 需要解释驱动黑人青年自杀和 SIB 的根本机制。自杀和 SIB 往往 地理空间上的集群。先前使用美国县级死亡率数据进行的研究发现，地理 自杀率的聚集受到社会融合和模仿的影响。涂尔干的社会融合 理论表明，一个人的社会融入度越高，他/她结束生命的可能性就越小。塔德的 模仿理论将自杀解释为人类采用他人的信念和行为的结果 邻近地区，表明自杀是一种传染病。社会整合理论和模仿理论都 在一般青年人口以及原住民和因纽特青年人口中进行了测试。然而， 他们是否可以解释当代黑人青年自杀和 SIB 尚待评估。我将开发一个 量化社区社会融合水平的综合指标，用于评估社区的社会融合程度 社会融合理论以及关于黑人青年群体的模仿理论。最后， 这些社会因素对黑人青少年自杀和 SIB 风险降低的反事实影响也将是 评价。拟议的研究解决了一个重要的公共卫生危机，该研究的完成将 为社会和临床政策的设计提供信息，以更有效地降低黑人青年的比例 自杀和 SIB。鉴于拟议工作的一系列新能力和多学科性质， 该 K99/R00 奖项是实现候选人领导跨学科职业目标的必要步骤 团队致力于缩小青少年心理健康差距。