Risk and protective factors for Black youth suicide and suicidal ideation and behaviors

黑人青少年自杀以及自杀意念和行为的风险和保护因素

• 批准号: 10664624
• 负责人: Wenna Xi
• 金额: $ 12.77万
• 依托单位: WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10664624
• 关键词: 13 year old; Aborigine; Address; Adopted; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Area; Automobile Driving; Award; Behavior; Belief; Big Data; Black race; Clinical; Clinical Data; Competence; Complex; County; Data; Databases; Dedications; Dimensions; Disparity; Electronic Health Record; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Evaluation; Factor Analysis; Feeling suicidal; Foundations; Future; Geographic Distribution; Geography; Goals; Healthcare Systems; Hispanic; Human; Individual; Intervention; Inuits; Knowledge; Life; Location; Measures; Medical History; Mental Health; Modeling; National Institute of Mental Health; Nature; Neighborhoods; New York City; Persons; Phase; Policies; Population; Prevention; Public Health; Race; Racial Segregation; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Risk Reduction Behavior; Sampling; Suicide; Suicide attempt; Suicide prevention; System; Testing; Time; Training; Work; Youth; aged; career; clinical risk; contagion; design; effective intervention; health disparity; improved; indexing; machine learning model; marijuana use; mortality; mortality risk; multidisciplinary; novel; pre-doctoral; protective factors; public health priorities; reducing suicide; residential segregation; social; social factors; social integration; spatiotemporal; statistical and machine learning; suicidal; suicidal adolescent; suicidal behavior; suicidal morbidity; suicidal risk; suicide rate; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The rates of suicide and suicidal ideation and behaviors (SIB) among Black youth have increased drastically in the past decade, with the rate of suicide rising from 2.55 per 100,000 to 4.82 per 100,000 from 2007 to 2017. As compared to their White counterparts, the risk of suicide for Black youth under 13 years old has doubled in the same time period. The overarching goals of this study are to improve our understanding of the uniqueness and complex etiology of Black youth suicide and SIB through a multi-dimensional approach and to provide valuable information for future policies targeting suicide reduction among the Black youth population. To do so, I will first identify risk and protective factors for Black youth (aged 10-24 years) suicide and SIB by jointly considering individuals’ medical history, neighborhood-level social integration level, and the geographic distributions of neighborhoods and suicide rates. A large electronic health records (EHR) database from multiple healthcare systems across New York City (NYC) will be used so that I can gather enough cases of Black youth suicide and SIB along with their clinical data. Secondly, more culturally sensitive theories are needed to explain the underlying mechanism driving Black youth suicide and SIB. Suicide and SIB tend to cluster in geographic space. Prior research using US county-level mortality data has found that the geographic clustering of suicide rates is affected by both social integration and imitation. Durkheim's social integration theory suggests that the more socially integrated a person is, the less likely one is to end his/her life. Tarde’s imitation theory explains suicide as a result of humans adopting the beliefs and behaviors of others in neighboring areas, suggesting suicide as a contagion. Both the social integration and imitation theories have been tested on the general youth population as well as the aboriginal and Inuit youth population. However, whether they can explain contemporary Black youth suicide and SIB is yet to be evaluated. I will develop a composite measure to quantify neighborhoods’ social integration level, which will be used to evaluate the social integration theory along with the imitation theory on the Black youth population. Finally, the counterfactual effects of these social factors on Black youth suicide and SIB risk reduction will also be evaluated. The proposed study addresses an important public health crisis and the completion of the study will inform the design of social and clinical policies that have greater efficiency in reducing the rates of Black youth suicide and SIB. Given the array of new competencies and the multidisciplinary nature of the proposed work, this K99/R00 award is a necessary step to achieve the candidate’s career goal of leading an interdisciplinary team committed to closing the gaps of youth mental health disparities.

项目总结/摘要 黑人青年的自杀率和自杀意念和行为（SIB）在2009年急剧增加。 在过去的十年中，自杀率从2007年的每10万人2.55人上升到2017年的每10万人4.82人。 与他们的白色同龄人相比，13岁以下的黑人青年自杀的风险增加了一倍。 同一时期。这项研究的首要目标是提高我们对独特性的理解， 和复杂的病因学的黑人青年自杀和SIB通过多维度的方法，并提供 为未来针对黑人青年人口自杀减少的政策提供宝贵信息。要执行此操作， 我将首先确定黑人青年（10-24岁）自杀和SIB的风险和保护因素， 考虑到个人的病史，社区水平的社会融合水平，以及地理位置， 社区分布和自杀率。一个大型的电子健康记录（EHR）数据库， 将使用纽约市（NYC）的多个医疗保健系统，以便我可以收集足够的病例， 黑人青年自杀和SIB沿着他们的临床数据。第二，文化敏感的理论 需要解释驱动黑人青年自杀和SIB的潜在机制。自杀和SIB倾向于 在地理空间上。先前使用美国县级死亡率数据的研究发现， 自杀率的聚集受社会融合和模仿的影响。涂尔干的社会整合 理论表明，一个人越是融入社会，就越不可能结束自己的生命。塔尔德 模仿理论将自杀解释为人类采用他人的信仰和行为的结果， 附近地区，表明自杀是一种传染病。社会整合理论和模仿理论 在一般青年人口以及土著和因努伊特青年人口中进行了测试。然而，在这方面， 它们是否能够解释当代黑人青年自杀和SIB还有待评估。我将开发一个 综合衡量，以量化邻里的社会融合水平，这将被用来评估 社会融合理论沿着着对黑人青年人口的模仿理论。最后 这些社会因素对黑人青年自杀和SIB风险降低的反事实影响也将被 评估。拟议的研究涉及一个重要的公共卫生危机，研究完成后， 为社会和临床政策的设计提供信息，这些政策在降低黑人青年的发病率方面具有更大的效率。 自杀和SIB鉴于拟议工作的一系列新能力和多学科性质， 这个K99/R 00奖项是实现候选人领导跨学科的职业目标的必要步骤 团队致力于缩小青年心理健康差距。