Beliefs About Gene-Behavior Interactions in Disease

关于疾病中基因行为相互作用的信念

• 批准号: 6695836
• 负责人: JANICE L HASTRUP
• 金额: $ 7.85万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2005-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6695836
• 关键词: academic achievement; adolescence (12-20); age difference; behavioral /social science research tag; belief; cancer prevention; cancer risk; case history; clinical research; computer assisted instruction; disease /disorder etiology; gender difference; gene environment interaction; genetic susceptibility; health behavior; health surveys; human subject; human therapy evaluation; interview; neoplasm /cancer education; parents; patient oriented research; questionnaires; socioeconomics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Advances in knowledge from the Human Genome Project have the potential for helping reduce cancer incidence, but may also pose difficulties in interpretation by laypersons. The primary objectives of the proposed research are: 1) to investigate beliefs about genetic and lifestyle-behavioral factors in the causation of cancer among mid-adolescents and adult family members, and 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief educational intervention for increasing understanding of the multifactorial nature of cancer causation. Following a pilot study, 120 15-year-olds and one to three members of their households will be recruited by newspaper advertisements to participate either in their homes or in a newly available university laboratory. Two recently developed scales, the Beliefs About Health Risks questionnaire and the Cancer and Genetics Survey, and a numerical estimation procedure demonstrated to be sensitive to beliefs about synergistic effects, will be used to assess how the members of each household group perceive health risks, especially the extent to which they view risks as unitary versus multiple, interacting, and potentially modifiable through appropriate health behaviors. The similarity of the adolescents' health beliefs to those of family members and peers will be described and the relative strength of these influences will be compared. A repeated measures design will be employed to study the effects of a combination didactic and audiovisual intervention targeted to increase understanding of gene-behavior interactions in disease and the need for preventive behaviors; a control group will receive a tobacco-oriented presentation without the focus on genetics. A three-month follow-up will be conducted by phone, including evaluation of whether the family has begun to keep a family tree with health information and whether the adolescents have increased their knowledge of health problems among parents and grandparents. Results will also be explored for patterns associated with age, gender, and ethnicity using hierarchical linear modeling. The information is of relevance for enhancing educational and media-based strategies for increasing appropriate health behaviors, as well as for design of future research and development of models relating health behavior to cognitive processing of causal information. The data may be of use to community organizations, school psychologists, teachers, physicians, and public health officials who communicate health information to adults and adolescents during a stage of increasing independence in decision-making.

描述（由申请人提供）： 人类基因组计划的知识进步有可能帮助降低癌症发病率，但也可能给外行人的解释带来困难。该研究的主要目的是：1）调查青少年和成年家庭成员对癌症病因中遗传和生活方式行为因素的信念，2）评估简短教育干预的有效性，以增加对癌症病因多因素性质的理解。 在一项试点研究之后，将通过报纸广告招募120名15岁的青少年及其1至3名家庭成员，让他们在家中或在一个新的大学实验室参加。两个最近开发的量表，信仰关于健康风险问卷和癌症和遗传学调查，和一个数值估计程序证明是敏感的信念协同效应，将被用来评估每个家庭组的成员如何看待健康风险，特别是在何种程度上，他们认为风险作为单一与多重，相互作用，并可能通过适当的健康行为修改。青少年的健康信念的相似性，那些家庭成员和同龄人将被描述和这些影响的相对强度进行比较。将采用重复测量设计来研究教学和视听干预相结合的效果，以增加对疾病中基因-行为相互作用的理解和预防行为的必要性;对照组将接受以烟草为导向的介绍，而不关注遗传学。 将通过电话进行为期三个月的随访，包括评估家庭是否已开始保存载有健康信息的家谱，以及青少年是否增加了父母和祖父母对健康问题的了解。还将使用分层线性模型探索与年龄、性别和种族相关的模式的结果。这些信息是相关的，以加强教育和媒体为基础的战略，以增加适当的健康行为，以及设计未来的研究和发展的模型相关的健康行为的因果信息的认知处理。这些数据可能对社区组织、学校心理学家、教师、医生和公共卫生官员有用，他们在决策越来越独立的阶段向成年人和青少年传达健康信息。