EARLY EXPERIENCE AND ADOLESCENTS' RESPONSES TO ETHANOL

产品说明： 在人类和动物产前接触乙醇增加 对随后的乙醇滥用的敏感性，并改变 对乙醇的反应。出生后接触乙醇也被发现 增加以后的乙醇摄入量和相关方面的反应， 乙醇在动物体内在青春期或甚至是成年期就开始使用酒精 青春期前与更大的可能性有关， 酒精滥用在成年期，虽然在这些研究与人类的因果关系， 还有待证实。一个决定摄入量和相关 青春期早期对乙醇的反应可能更早 暴露于乙醇，在本实验中探索的可能性。 对以前的实验程序进行改进，其中早期 乙醇暴露发生在相对紧张的情况下，我们建议， 在相对无压力的环境中， 代表性的情况，并评估响应的后果 青春期的酒精我们的初步结果表明，作为青少年， 母鼠的后代和它们的幼崽生活在大的围栏里， 自由饮用乙醇的人选择饮用相对大量的乙醇。 目前的建议是确定这种效应的个体发生位点， 妊娠期、哺乳期或断奶期的暴露是否不同， 有效--并确定这种效应的控制参数。 建议的第二个步骤是评估这些后果的广度 对乙醇反应性的几个关键指标的早期暴露形式 在青春期。

DESCRIPTION: In both humans and animals prenatal exposure to ethanol increases susceptibility to subsequent ethanol abuse and alters related aspects of responsiveness to ethanol. Postnatal exposure to ethanol also has been found to increase later ethanol intake and related aspects of responsiveness to ethanol in animals. Early onset of ethanol use in adolescence or even pre-adolescence has been shown to be associated with a greater probability of ethanol abuse in adulthood, although causality in these studies with humans has yet to be demonstrated. One determinant of ingestion and related responsiveness to ethanol during early adolescence may be still earlier exposure to ethanol, a possibility to be explored in the present experiments. Toward improvement over previous experimental procedures in which early ethanol exposure occurs in relatively stressful circumstances, we propose to provide early exposure to ethanol in relatively nonstressful, ecologically representative circumstances and assess the consequences for responsiveness to ethanol in adolescence. Our preliminary results indicate that as adolescents, the offspring of dams living with their litter in large enclosures and free to consume ethanol ad libitum chose to drink relatively large amounts of ethanol. The present proposal is to determine the ontogenetic locus of this effect -- whether exposure during gestation, lactation or weaning is differentially effective -- and to determine controlling parameters of this effect. The second proposed step is to assess the breadth of consequences from these forms of early exposure for several key indices of responsiveness to ethanol during adolescence.