Proactive Prevention of Exposure to Respirable Chromium

主动预防接触可吸入铬

• 批准号: 6584996
• 负责人: Clifford D Jolly
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: ELS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-03-01 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6584996
• 关键词: air filtration; air pollution; air sampling /monitoring; analytical chemistry; analytical method; biomedical equipment development; chromium; occupational hazard; occupational health /safety; portable biomedical equipment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Widespread occupational exposure risk to toxic airborne metal aerosols and dusts exists due to the lack of rapid and cost-effective monitoring methods. Chromium (VI) is a particularly toxic metal that is commonly found in environmental samples. However, current personal sampling methods are expensive and time-consuming; exposure data are not available until one to several days after exposures occur. This program proposes development of an automated sampling and extraction platform integrated with an adsorptive-catalytic voltammetric analysis technique, to provide rapid, on-site automated quantification of airborne chromium metals for less than 10% of the cost of a typical laboratory analysis. The Phase I project will quantitatively determine feasibility of the proposed method by fabrication and testing of a small, portable, inexpensive instrument that is suitable as the basis for automated ambient air analysis, personal filter cartridge analysis, and surface dust analysis. The instrument will automatically extract and analyze the heavy metal concentration of the filters, and calculate the exposure based on the sample air volume (or surface area) for comparison with Permissible Exposure Limits. The Phase II program would then consist of development of an analytical protocol to differentiate Cr(lll) and Cr(VI), extensive field validation of the analyzer, and a study to estimate the effectiveness of the analytical tool to assist in exposure prevention protocols. Based on bench-scale testing completed to date, the limit of quantitation is projected to be less than 0.1 ug/m3. The analysis time is projected to be 5-10 minutes per sample compared to 24 hours or more using current methods. Sample costs are projected to be $0.75/filter as compared to $15-$25 with current methods. Industry has been clear in communicating its need for improved methods for personal air monitoring of heavy metals. An independent market study has already been conducted and has identified over 10,000 commercial/industrial sites in the mining, metallurgical, military, electronics, and coatings industries.

描述（由申请人提供）：由于缺乏快速且具有成本效益的监测方法，存在对有毒机载金属气溶胶和尘埃的广泛职业接触风险。铬（VI）是一种特别有毒的金属，通常在环境样品中发现。但是，当前的个人抽样方法是昂贵且耗时的。直到暴露后一到几天才能提供暴露数据。该计划提出开发与吸附性催化性伏安分析技术集成的自动采样和提取平台，以提供快速的，现场自动化的机载铬金属的自动定量，以占典型实验室分析的不到10％的成本。第一阶段项目将通过制造和测试一种小型，便携式，廉价的仪器来定量确定所提出的方法的可行性，该工具适合自动环境空气分析，个人滤镜分析和表面灰尘分析。该仪器将自动提取和分析过滤器的重金属浓度，并根据样品空气体积（或表面积）计算暴露，以与允许的暴露极限进行比较。然后，II期计划将包括开发分析方案以区分CR（LLL）和CR（VI），分析仪的广泛现场验证以及一项研究，以估算分析工具的有效性以帮助预防暴露方案。基于迄今已完成的台式测试，定量限制的限额预计小于0.1 ug/m3。使用当前方法，分析时间预计为每个样品5-10分钟，而24小时或更长时间。样本成本预计为0.75美元/过滤器，而当前方法则为$ 15- $ 25。行业在传达其对重金属个人空气监测的改进方法的需求方面已经很清楚。已经进行了一项独立的市场研究，并在采矿，冶金，军事，电子和涂料行业中确定了10,000多个商业/工业地点。