Criminal Justice, Race, and HIV Risk in CT Drug Users

描述（由申请人提供）：这个探索性试点项目是根据RFA-DA-04-015，“刑事司法系统中吸毒者中的艾滋病毒/艾滋病和其他感染”提交的，以获得R21机制的支持。它将研究如何参与刑事司法系统（CJ）随后塑造与艾滋病毒相关的风险和行为的个人与药物使用的历史，以及这如何因种族和性别而异。它将特别侧重于了解刑事司法系统如何作为吸毒者（DUs）中与毒品和性有关的艾滋病毒风险的结构性决定因素而运作，并在此基础上确定潜在的结构性干预措施-修改CJ系统-以促进DUs中的艾滋病毒预防。该项目将从个人的角度研究这些问题，以便更好地了解参与希杰医疗系统的医务人员的艾滋病毒预防需求；从希杰医疗系统的角度研究这些问题，以便了解哪里可能有改革的机会或利用希杰医疗人员促进艾滋病毒预防（潜在的结构性干预）。就个人而言，它将研究假设CJ系统通过三种具体机制影响DUs的风险，包括通过其对社会支持网络和家庭关系的影响，社会经济脆弱性，以及获得风险降低计划。在CJ制度方面，重点是缓刑和假释制度（PIP），包括与P/P有关的法律法规，以及在这些制度中赋予关键行为者（例如缓刑和假释官、律师和法官）的责任和权力以及他们如何行使这一权力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This exploratory pilot project is being submitted in response to RFA-DA-04-015, "HIV/AIDS and Other Infections among Drug Users in the Criminal Justice System" for support under the R21 mechanism. It will examine how involvement in the criminal justice (CJ) system subsequently shapes the HIV related risks and behaviors of individuals with a history of drug use, and how this varies by race and gender. It will focus in particular on understanding how the criminal justice system operates as a structural determinant of both drug- and sexual-related HIV risk in drug users (DUs), and with this understanding, on identifying potential structural interventions-modifications in the CJ system-for promoting HIV prevention among DUs. The project will examine these issues from the perspective of the individual, in order to better understand the HIV prevention needs of DUs involved with the CJ system, and from the perspective of the CJ system, in order to understand where there may be opportunities for reforms or for utilizing CJ personnel to promote HIV prevention (potential structural interventions). With regard to the individual, it will examine three specific mechanisms through which the CJ system is hypothesized to impact on risk among DUs, including, through its effects on: social support networks and family relationships, socio-economic vulnerability, and access to risk reduction programs. With regard to the CJ system, it will focus on the systems of probation and parole (PIP), including laws and regulations relating to P/P, as well as the responsibilities and authority invested in key actors in these systems (e.g. probation and parole officers, attorneys, and judges) and how they exercise this authority.