Reducing HIV: Safer sex skill building in pregnant, drug-abusing women

减少艾滋病毒：怀孕、吸毒妇女的安全性行为技能培养

• 批准号: 7314956
• 负责人: Dace Svikis
• 金额: $ 15.19万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7314956
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Admission activity; Adult; Adverse effects; African American; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Benchmarking; Case Manager; Cause of Death; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Child Care; Cities; Clinic; Coitus; Communities; Complex; Contracts; Control Groups; Data; Diagnosis; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Drug user; Economics; Education; Educational Curriculum; Educational Intervention; Effectiveness; Effectiveness of Interventions; Enrollment; Equipment; Event; Family Planning; Female; Female of child bearing age; Fright; Gender; General Population; HIV; HIV Infections; Health; Healthcare Systems; Heterosexuals; Illicit Drugs; Immune system; Infection; Injection of therapeutic agent; Intervention; Jail; Low Birth Weight Infant; Low income; Maintenance; Manuals; Mediation; Mental Health; Methadone; Minority; Minority Groups; Multiple Partners; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Newborn Infant; Numbers; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Outpatients; Participant; Partner in relationship; Patient Education; Patient currently pregnant; Patients; Personal Satisfaction; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Prenatal care; Prevention; Professional counselor; Public Health; Randomized; Randomized Clinical Trials; Rate; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Sampling; Screening procedure; Self Efficacy; Sex Behavior; Sexual Arousal; Sexual Partners; Standards of Weights and Measures; Sterility; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; Testing; Time; United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Unsafe Sex; Woman; Wood material; authority; base; behavioral health; condoms; contextual factors; cooking; design; drinking; follow-up; man; men; pregnancy prevention; prevent; programs; psychosocial; safer sex; sex; skills; social; social stigma; success; transmission process; treatment program

National surveys have found drug use and associated HIV risk during pregnancy are major public health problems (SAMHSA, 2004). While drug treatment itself has been a powerful deterrent of drug-related HIV risk behaviors (e.g., non-sterile drug injection equipment), less attention has focused on sexual risk behaviors, which have been slower to change. This is particularly true for pregnant women, who are aware condoms are no longer necessary for pregnancy prevention. One promising strategy for reducing sexual risk for HIV and other STD transmission has been the "Safer Sex Skill Building" (SSB) program developed by El Bassel and Schilling (1991, 1992). This manual-driven, gender-specific intervention has proven effective in reducing sexual risk behaviors in both methadone maintenance and outpatient drug-free patients. To date, however, the intervention has not been tested with pregnant drug abusing women who may actually be at increased risk if they stop using condoms or continue drug use during pregnancy. The proposed study will examine SSB, a targeted behavioral HIV prevention and risk reduction intervention in two samples of pregnant drug abusing women. Using a 2x2 design, a randomized clinical trial will compare the five-session SSB group intervention to a one-session standard group HIV Education intervention (SE). To increase generalizability, subjects will be two groups of pregnant drug abusing women: those enrolled in formal drug treatment at Richmond Behavioral Health Authority (RBHA, N=280) and those identified through an urban prenatal care clinic with high base rates of substance use disorders (PCC, N=280). Study participants will be assessed at baseline as well as 1, 3 and 6 months post-randomization. Outcome measures will focus on occasions of unprotected sexual activity, as well as alcohol/drug related sexual episodes. Study findings will provide benchmark data on the efficacy of SSB for HIV and STD prevention in a diverse sample of pregnant drug abusing women.

全国性调查发现，怀孕期间吸毒和相关的艾滋病毒风险是主要的公共健康问题 问题(SAMHSA，2004年)。虽然毒品治疗本身对与毒品有关的艾滋病毒具有强大的威慑作用 危险行为(例如，无菌注射毒品设备)，对性风险的关注较少 行为，这些行为改变得更慢。对于孕妇来说尤其如此，她们意识到 避孕套不再是避孕所必需的。降低性行为风险的一个有希望的策略 针对艾滋病毒和其他性传播疾病的安全性行为技能培养计划由El Bassel和Schling(1991,1992)。这一手动的、针对性别的干预已被证明在 减少美沙酮维持治疗和门诊戒毒患者的性危险行为。到目前为止， 然而，这种干预措施还没有在怀孕的吸毒妇女中进行测试，她们实际上可能处于 如果她们在怀孕期间停止使用避孕套或继续使用药物，风险会增加。拟议的研究将 在两个样本中检查SSB，一种有针对性的艾滋病毒预防和降低风险的行为干预措施 怀孕吸毒的妇女。使用2x2设计，随机临床试验将比较五个疗程 SSB组干预以1次为标准组，艾滋病教育干预(SE)。增加 一言以蔽之，研究对象将是两组孕妇吸毒妇女：那些登记了正式药物的人 在里士满行为卫生局(RBHA，N=280)接受治疗和通过城市 物质使用障碍基础发生率高的产前保健诊所(PCC，N=280)。研究参与者将是 在基线以及随机化后1、3和6个月进行评估。成果衡量标准将侧重于 无保护措施的性行为以及与酒精/毒品有关的性行为。研究结果 将在不同的样本中提供关于SSB在预防艾滋病毒和STD方面的有效性的基准数据 怀孕吸毒的妇女。