Community Participation in Developing a Measure for Safe Older Driver Behaviors

描述（由申请人提供）：有效预防老年人碰撞/伤害依赖于社会支持的健康促进计划，并采取敏感措施跟踪安全驾驶行为的变化。黄金标准是昂贵的，不容易获得，并不适用于大多数老年司机。迄今为止，大多数干预措施在减少与车祸有关的伤害方面收效甚微。在之前的工作中，我们发现这些项目和工具是在没有社区主要利益相关者参与的情况下开发的；在缺乏解决多人-车辆-环境因素的结构和缺乏精度、广泛的领域范围和可接受的生态有效性的措施的情况下。我们建议与老年驾驶员安全社区的合作伙伴一起开发一种自我报告的安全驾驶行为测量（SDBM）。总的来说，我们将：1)完善理论推导的结构和领域，并开发功能项目，需要衡量老年人的安全驾驶行为；2)确定构念、领域和功能项目的表面效度和内容效度；3)量化SDBM的构念效度和并发效度，确定三个评价组（老年司机、家属/照顾者和驾驶评价者）的评价信度；(4)开展多地点干预试验所需的基础工作，包括完善仪器，制定干预方案和设计元素，并确定必要的多地点合作者，以测试新措施作为机动车碰撞有效预测因子的可靠性，有效性和敏感性。该项目的创新之处在于，在社区参与下，利用聚合证据制定和试点测试一种安全驾驶行为措施：一种项目充足、生态有效性可接受、公共卫生适用性潜力大的措施。利用我们的（国际）国家合作伙伴关系的能力，建立研究人员和合作者的核心，以解决多中心试验的复杂问题，我们将定位于推进到下一步}确保R-01资金，以测试SDBM作为美国和加拿大老年司机的有效预测撞车。使用聚合证据和社区参与，我们将开发和试点测试老年人的安全驾驶行为测量：一个有足够的项目，可接受的生态效度预测碰撞，和公共卫生适用性的高潜力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Effective crash/injury prevention among older adults is dependent on a socially supported health promotion program with measures sensitive to track change in safe driving behaviors. The gold standard is expensive, not easily accessible and not applicable to the majority of older drivers. Most interventions thus far have shown little progress in reducing crash-related injuries. In prior work we identified that these programs and instruments were developed without the input of the main community stakeholders; in the absence of constructs addressing multiple person-vehicle- environmental factors and with measures lacking precision, a broad scope of domains, and acceptable ecological validity. We propose to develop, with partners from the older driver safety community, a self-report Safe Driving Behaviors Measure (SDBM). Collectively we will: 1) refine the theoretically derived constructs and domains, and develop functional items, required to measure safe driving behaviors among older adults; 2) determine the face and content validity of the constructs, domains, and functional items; 3) quantify the construct validity and concurrent criterion validity of the SDBM, and determine the rater reliability among three rater groups (older driver, families/caregiver, and driving evaluators); and (4) perform the foundational work necessary for a multi-site intervention trial, including refining the instrument, developing the intervention protocols and design elements, and identifying the multi-site collaborators necessary to test the reliability, validity and sensitivity of the new measure as a valid predictor of motor vehicle crashes. The innovation of this project is in using converging evidence to develop and pilot test, with community participation, a safe driving behaviors measure: one with adequate items, acceptable ecological validity, and high potential for public health applicability. Using the capacity of our (inter)national partnerships and establishing a core of researchers and collaborators to address the complex issues of a multi- center trial, we will be positioned to advance to the next step }securing R-01 funding to test the SDBM as a valid predictor of crashes for older drivers in the U.S and Canada. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE Statement Using converging evidence and community participation we will develop and pilot test a safe driving behaviors measure for older adults: one with adequate items, acceptable ecological validity for predicting crashes, and high potential for public health applicability.