Northwest/Alaska/Hawaii Center to Reduce Oral Health Disparities

描述（由申请人提供）：位于西雅图的华盛顿大学西北/阿拉斯加/夏威夷减少口腔健康差异中心专注于儿童蛀牙，因为这是美国社会面临的主要口腔健康挑战。学龄前儿童的蛀牙正在恶化。《2010年健康人群中期审查》发现，该国正在偏离国家幼儿目标：22%的2-4岁儿童有蛀牙，而目标是11%。该研究计划在一个概念框架内解决低收入和弱势母亲和儿童在获得牙科保健和健康牙齿（蛀牙或龋齿预防）方面的差距和不平等问题，该框架具体说明了差距问题的生态性质。社区多学科研究计划的具体目标是：1）进行人体试验，以评估干预措施对预防和治疗儿童及其照顾者龋齿的有效性; 2）开展社区研究，将现有知识和新信息转化为减少差异的技术和干预措施; 3）鼓励和支持有可能导致独立研究的发展研究，以解决和减少儿童龋齿不平等。该中心包括研究计划管理中心（RPAC），两个主要的社区干预试验，重点是龋齿-社区为基础的代际口腔健康促进在美国农村和亲子刷牙与1000 ppm氟化物牙膏，以防止ECC和统计和数据协调中心（S&DCC）。主要的研究项目地点包括俄勒冈州为白人和拉丁美洲人服务的12个乡村县卫生部门、俄勒冈州克拉马斯县的一个培训中心、以及为俄勒冈州伍德伯恩（Salud医疗中心，拉丁美洲人）和夏威夷怀亚特海岸（怀亚特海岸综合卫生中心，夏威夷土著人和太平洋岛民）的少数民族社区服务的大型社区卫生中心。进一步传播的地点是在阿拉斯加丛林、夏威夷农村和华盛顿州。发展研究项目涉及华盛顿州东部和西南部农村社区，重点是学校营养和使用局部PVP碘和氟化物保护漆预防龋齿。该中心还包括一个培训核心，通过临床研究培训和指导初级科学家来增加口腔健康差异研究人员的骨干，努力提高牙科和医学博士前课程中对健康差异研究的认识，并增加少数民族和农村学生进入牙科和健康科学学科的人数。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Northwest/Alaska/Hawaii Center to Reduce Oral Health Disparities at the University of Washington in Seattle focuses on tooth decay in children, because it is the major oral health challenge U.S. society faces. Tooth decay in preschool children is worsening. The Healthy People 2010 Midcourse Review found the country moving away from national targets for young children: 22% of children 2-4 years of age have tooth decay while the target is 11%. The research plan addresses disparities and inequities in access to dental care and to healthy teeth (tooth decay or caries prevention) for low-income and vulnerable mothers and children within a conceptual framework that specifies the ecological nature of disparity problems. The specific aims of the community-based multidisciplinary research plan are to: 1) Conduct human trials to evaluate the efficacy of interventions to prevent and treat dental caries in children and their caretakers; 2) Develop community-based research that translates existing knowledge and new information into technologies and interventions that will reduce disparities; and 3) Encourage and support developmental research that has the potential to lead to independent studies to address and reduce caries inequity in children. The Center includes the Research Program Administrative Center (RPAC), two major community based intervention trials focused on dental caries- Community-Based Intergenerational Oral Health Promotion In Rural America and Parent-Child Toothbrushing with 1000 ppm Fluoride Toothpaste to Prevent ECC-and a Statistics and Data Coordinating Center (S&DCC). Primary research program sites include 12 rural county health departments in the State of Oregon serving whites and Latinos, a training center in Klamath County Oregon, and large Community Health Centers serving minority communities in Woodburn, Oregon (Salud Medical Center, Latinos) and Waianae Coast, Hawaii (Waianae Coast Comprehensive Health Center, Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders). Further dissemination sites are in the Alaska bush, rural Hawaii and Washington State. Developmental research projects involve communities in rural Eastern and Southwestern Washington State and focus on school nutrition and the use of topical PVP-iodine and fluoride varnish in caries prevention. The Center also includes a training core to increase the cadre of oral health disparities researchers through clinical research training and mentoring for junior scientists, efforts to enhance the awareness of health disparities research in the predoctoral curriculum in dentistry and medicine, and increases the numbers of minority and rural students entering dentistry and health sciences disciplines.