Research Training in Child Behavior and Nutrition

描述(由申请人提供)： 我们在辛辛那提儿童医院的博士后培训项目是儿童行为和营养研究与培训中心的核心组成部分。该中心专注于儿科慢性病的行为、生物和营养方面的研究，以及其他与营养相关的健康问题。教员在以下方面拥有专长：行为医学和临床心理学科的营养和行为；心内科和内分泌科的营养相关疾病的流行病学和健康结果；普通儿科和社区儿科的营养、骨病和骨质疏松风险；肺科的睡眠医学及其与肥胖的关系；儿科外科的减肥外科。这笔T32培训补助金由NIDDK于2003年资助，正式确定了博士后一级的跨学科培训，目的是培训未来的独立调查人员。学员通过获取和综合以下方面的知识来实现这一目标：1)营养相关疾病的病理生理学、诊断、评估和治疗方面的专业知识；2)制定和测试旨在改变饮食和改善健康结果的干预措施所必需的营养和行为科学知识；3)评估旨在改变饮食和改变行为以优化营养的干预措施的生理(如身体成分、疾病进展)和心理社会(如生活质量、家庭功能)结果所必需的营养和生物医学措施知识。具有临床心理学、儿科医学子专业(如胃肠病学、内分泌学)或营养学背景。为期两年的培训计划的主要特点包括：1)密集的核心培训课程，包括研究设计、数据分析、拨款撰写、科学陈述和手稿准备方面的技能课程；2)专业培训，可包括营养、生物统计学、流行病学、疾病病理生理学和心理学的课程；3)参与积极的临床研究项目；4)由一名初级导师、一名二级导师(其专业知识与初级导师相辅相成)直接监督研究员的研究培训，以及生物统计学咨询；以及5)开发独立的临床研究项目。具有不同背景的研究员(例如，博士心理学家、医学博士和医学博士)通过调整他们的经验来加强他们先前的培训，以满足特定的研究兴趣和培训需求。我们正在招聘五个博士后培训职位。我们的毕业生将拥有行为和营养科学方面的综合专业知识，以改善许多儿科疾病的健康和生活质量，包括肥胖；1型和2型糖尿病；囊性纤维化；先天性代谢错误；与慢性病相关的骨质疏松症；以及消化、血液、肾脏和肝脏疾病。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our postdoctoral training program at Cincinnati Children's Hospital is a central component of the Center for Child Behavior and Nutrition Research and Training. The Center has a specific research focus on the behavioral, biologic, and nutritional aspects of pediatric chronic illnesses and other nutrition-related health issues. Faculty members have expertise in nutrition and behavior within the Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology; epidemiology and health outcomes of nutrition-related disorders in the Divisions of Cardiology and Endocrinology; nutrition, bone disease and osteoporosis risk in the Divisions of General and Community Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, and Rheumatology; sleep medicine and its relation to obesity in the Division of Pulmonary Medicine; and bariatric surgery in the Department of Pediatric Surgery. This T32 training grant, funded by NIDDK in 2003, formalized cross-disciplinary training at the postdoctoral level with the aim of training future independent investigators. Trainees accomplish this aim by acquiring and integrating: 1) expertise in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, assessment, and treatment of nutrition-related pediatric diseases, 2) knowledge of nutrition and behavioral science necessary to develop and test interventions designed to change diet and improve health outcomes, and 3) knowledge of nutritional and biomedical measures necessary to assess the physical (e.g., body composition, disease progression) and psychosocial (e.g., quality of life, family functioning) outcomes of the interventions designed to change diet and alter behavior to optimize nutrition. Candidates have backgrounds in clinical psychology, pediatric medical subspecialties (e.g., Gastroenterology, Endocrinology), or nutrition science. Key features of the two-year training program include: 1) an intensive core training curriculum that involves skill-based courses in research design, data analysis, grant writing, scientific presentations, and manuscript preparation; 2) specialized training that can include coursework in nutrition, biostatistics, epidemiology, disease pathophysiology, and psychology; 3) participation in active clinical research projects; 4) direct supervision of the fellow's research training by a primary mentor, a secondary mentor (with expertise that complements that of the primary mentor), and consultation on biostatistics; and 5) development of an independent clinical research project. Fellows with different backgrounds (e.g., PhD psychologist, MD sub-specialist) augment their prior training by tailoring their experience to meet specific research interests and training needs. We are requesting five postdoctoral training positions. Our graduates will have the combined expertise in behavioral and nutrition science needed to improve health and quality of life outcomes for a number of pediatric disorders including obesity; type 1 and 2 diabetes; cystic fibrosis; inborn errors of metabolism; osteoporosis associated with chronic illness; and digestive, hematologic, kidney, and liver diseases.