Neural Basis of Sign Language from Lesion Mapping

来自病变映射的手语神经基础

• 批准号: 7714000
• 负责人: URSULA BELLUGI
• 金额: $ 34.7万
• 依托单位: SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-14 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7714000
• 关键词: Address; Anatomy; Aphasia; Behavioral; Brain; Caring; Case Study; Cereals; Clinical; Communication impairment; Complex; Comprehension; Data; Databases; Goals; Hearing Impaired Persons; Individual; Language; Language Disorders; Lesion; Manuals; Maps; Measures; Methods; Mission; Motor; Names; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Neurocognitive; Participant; Pattern; Population; Process; Production; Public Health; Research; Sensory; Shapes; Short-Term Memory; Sign Language; Symptoms; Testing; Work; base; deafness; injured; lexical; neuropsychological; programs; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Sign language provides a means to understand the sensory-motor influences on the neural organization of language. The goals of the present proposal are to uncover the neural basis of sign language using modern lesion-deficit mapping. This will not only answer some fundamental questions about the neural basis of sign language and related processes and address questions about the sensory-motor forces that shape language organization generally, but will also provide much needed information on the clinical-anatomic correlates of sign language aphasia. We propose three specific aims. Aim 1: To determine whether the overall lesion pattern associated with sign language aphasia is similar to that found for spoken language using quantitative lesion-symptom mapping methods. Aim 2: To map the lesion pattern associated with more fine-grained measures of sign language production, sign language comprehension, and related function using quantitative lesion-symptom mapping methods. Aim 3: To assess the neural basis of naming ability and working memory for signs using the lesion method. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: An important aspect of the mission of NIDCD is research that leads to increased understanding and treatment of language and communication disorders, particularly with respect to deafness and sign language. Relatively little research has targeted the breakdown of sign language as a result of brain lesions until our previous studies; the program proposed here using modern lesion-symptom approaches provides important new tools for the understanding and treatment of language disorders in deaf signers. This will have implications across a wide range of public health domains and directly benefits clinicians, educators, and individuals caring for deaf signers with brain lesions and/or language disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：手语提供了一种理解感觉运动对语言神经组织影响的方法。本提案的目标是利用现代病变缺陷映射来揭示手语的神经基础。这不仅将回答有关手语和相关过程的神经基础的一些基本问题，并解决有关一般塑造语言组织的感觉运动力的问题，而且还将提供有关手语失语症的临床解剖学相关性的急需信息。我们提出三个具体目标。目标 1：使用定量病变-症状映射方法确定与手语失语症相关的总体病变模式是否与口语相似。目标 2：使用定量病变-症状映射方法来绘制与更细粒度的手语产生、手语理解和相关功能测量相关的病变模式。目标 3：使用损伤法评估符号命名能力和工作记忆的神经基础。公共卫生相关性：NIDCD 使命的一个重要方面是开展研究，以增进对语言和沟通障碍的理解和治疗，特别是耳聋和手语方面的障碍。在我们之前的研究之前，针对大脑损伤导致的手语崩溃的研究相对较少。这里提出的方案采用现代损伤症状方法，为理解和治疗聋哑手语者的语言障碍提供了重要的新工具。这将对广泛的公共卫生领域产生影响，并直接使临床医生、教育工作者和照顾患有脑损伤和/或语言障碍的聋哑手语者的个人受益。