Classification Images of Data Collected Using the Method of Free Response

使用自由响应方法收集的数据的分类图像

• 批准号: 7642120
• 负责人: VIRGINIA M RICHARDS
• 金额: $ 9.48万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7642120
• 关键词: Address; Application procedure; Brain; Classification; Cognitive; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Dependence; Detection; Development; Devices; Environment; Evaluation; Frequencies; Hearing; Human; Image; Masks; Methods; Nature; Noise; Physiological; Procedures; Process; Property; Psychophysiology; Research; Role; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Source; Stimulus; Stream; Techniques; Testing; Time; base; interest; receptive field; relating to nervous system; research study; response; segregation; simulation; sound

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human listeners are facile at segregating the multitude of sound sources in the environment, and attending to a single sound stream. This process requires the integration of information across time and frequency. In order to examine the role of temporal processing the proposed psychophysical experiments employ the rarely used method of free response. For this procedure a masker is presented for several minutes and a target is presented at random times. The subject's task is to press a button whenever the target is detected. This procedure is well suited to the study of sound segregation because the presentation duration is long, mirroring "real world" situations. One question of primary interest addressed in the proposed experiments is whether the continuous nature of the method of free response increases the "cognitive load" on the subjects. A second primary issue is the development of a method that determines which "features" in time and frequency listeners rely on to detect a target in a competing environment. The method of free response has the advantage that button presses unfold over time, allowing the features to be extracted using reverse correlation methods to relate the time of button presses to the stimulus preceding it. The proposed experiments will evaluate the statistical reliability of the obtained features, a first step towards the useful application of this procedure. The proposed experiments and analyses are restricted to normal-hearing listeners. Should the method prove to be successful, the current results will provide a basic data set against which results from hearing-impaired listeners might ultimately be compared (not proposed). The brain mechanisms by which normal-hearing listeners are able to segregate sound sources (e.g., hearing a talker in a noisy environment) are not fully elucidated. Moreover, the ability of hearing-impaired listeners to segregate sound sources is impaired. The proposed research will contribute to the understanding of sound source segregation, with the potential of providing a basic understanding applicable to assistive hearing devices.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类听众很容易区分环境中的众多声源，并专注于单一的声音流。这个过程需要跨越时间和频率的信息整合。为了检验时间加工的作用，提出的心理物理实验采用了很少使用的自由反应方法。在这个过程中，掩蔽器呈现几分钟，目标在随机时间呈现。受试者的任务是在检测到目标时按下按钮。这个过程非常适合于声音隔离的研究，因为演示时间很长，反映了“真实世界”的情况。在提出的实验中，主要关注的一个问题是，自由反应方法的连续性是否会增加受试者的“认知负荷”。第二个主要问题是开发一种方法，确定侦听器在时间和频率上依赖哪些“特征”来检测竞争环境中的目标。自由响应方法的优点是按键会随着时间的推移而展开，允许使用反向相关方法提取特征，将按键的时间与之前的刺激联系起来。提出的实验将评估所获得的特征的统计可靠性，这是该程序有效应用的第一步。所提出的实验和分析仅限于听力正常的听众。如果该方法被证明是成功的，目前的结果将提供一个基本的数据集，听力受损听众的结果最终可能会被比较（不建议）。正常听力的听者能够区分声源的大脑机制（例如，在嘈杂的环境中听到说话者的声音）尚未完全阐明。此外，听力受损的听众区分声源的能力也会受损。本研究将有助于对声源分离的理解，并有可能提供适用于辅助听力装置的基本理解。