The Reach of Ethics: Politics, Bioethics & the Regulation of Social Inquiry

伦理学的影响范围：政治、生物伦理学

基本信息

批准号：
7691687
负责人：
AMY L FAIRCHILD
金额：
$ 7.65万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2008-09-30 至 2010-09-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7691687
关键词：
Accountability Accounting Address African American American Anxiety Behavior Benchmarking Binding Bioethics Book Chapters Books Caring Case Study Child Clinical Clinical Research Collection Conceptions Confidentiality Consent Constitutional Data Deception Development Dimensions Discipline Economics Employee Strikes Ensure Epidemiology Equilibrium Ethicists Ethics Ethnography Fright Heart Hepatitis Hospitals Individual Informed Consent Injury Institution Interview Knowledge Learning Long-Term Effects Managed Care Maps Marshal Measures Medical Medicine Methodology Mission Morals Nature Oral Patients Politics Population Surveillance Pregnant Women Privacy Public Health Published Comment Quality of Care Radioactive Iodine Recording of previous events Regulation Research Research Ethics Committees Research Personnel Research Subjects Resistance Rights Role Running Safety Scientist Signal Transduction Social Responsibility Social Sciences Societies Statistical Study Surveys Syphilis System Universities World War II Writing base cancer cell cost effective informant interest older patient prevent professor programs public trust research study response social

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a resubmitted proposal, revised in response to reviewer comments, to write a book on history and politics of efforts to extend the scope of ethical oversight of research. In the decades after World War II, bioethics emerged in response to research abuses and became a force-both intellectual and institutional-in defining the boundaries of what activities required oversight. The 1990s witnessed an effort to extend the reach of bioethics, understood as both a system of moral reasoning and a means for regulating research. This expansion has been defined by the attempt to determine whether or not different forms of social inquiry constitute research and, hence, ought to be subject to bioethical oversight. But this seemingly narrow definitional question in fact signals a struggle over whether different modes of inquiry should be subjected to oversight and creates the context for a clash of different disciplinary and institutional priorities, missions, and paradigms of accountability. How extensive should the public governance of social inquiry be? How should the balance between free inquiry, social responsibility, and public accountability be struck? What norms should inform efforts in different domains? Do different forms of social inquiry call for different systems of accountability? The challenge is to understand debates regarding oversight as encounters between different players, institutions, and interests. What is needed at this juncture is a mapping of the political topography of the politics of oversight that accounts for the ideological, institutional, and professional forces that have been marshaled behind competing conceptions of social responsibility and its corollary, accountability, in the search for knowledge. The Reach of Ethics, then, will focus on the battles over epidemiology, public health surveillance, quality improvement, and ethnography in the 1990s, placing them against the broader historical backdrop of how research and oversight was framed some two decades earlier. But, focused though they are on particular controversies, the chapters describing specific clashes over regulation should not be thought of as case studies-that is, as a mere collection of examples. Rather, they seek collectively to lay bare critical dimensions of the contested terrain that defines the politics of the ethics of regulation. The project relies both on archival research and key informant interviews.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一项重新提议的建议，以响应审稿人的评论，以撰写一本关于扩展研究道德监督范围的历史和政治的书。在第二次世界大战后的几十年中，生物伦理学响应研究滥用，并成为了智力和机构的一种力量，定义了所需的活动的界限。 1990年代目睹了努力扩展生物伦理学的范围，被理解为一种道德推理体系，也是调节研究的手段。通过确定不同形式的社会调查是否构成研究，因此应该受到生物伦理的监督的尝试来定义这种扩展。但是，这个看似狭窄的定义问题实际上表明了是否应对不同的询问方式进行监督，并为各种纪律和机构优先事项，任务和问责制范式的冲突创造了背景。社会询问的公众治理应该多么广泛？如何达到自由询问，社会责任和公共责任感之间的平衡？哪些规范应该为不同领域的努力提供信息？不同形式的社会询问是否要求不同的问责制系统？面临的挑战是了解有关监督的辩论，因为不同参与者，机构和兴趣之间的相遇。这个关头所需要的是对监督政治的政治地形的绘制，这些构图解释了社会责任感及其推论，问责制，在寻找知识的竞争观念背后的意识形态，制度和专业力量。因此，道德规范的范围将集中在1990年代关于流行病学，公共卫生监视，质量改善以及人种志上的战斗，将它们置于大约二十年前研究和疏忽的更广泛的历史背景下。但是，尽管他们集中在特定的争议上，但描述特定冲突的章节不应被视为案例研究，也就是仅仅是示例的集合。相反，他们集体寻求裸露的批判性范围，以定义监管伦理的政治。该项目均依赖于档案研究和主要线人访谈。