DETERMINANTS OF ZOONOTIC TRANSMISSION OF NEW WORLD ARENAVIRUSES

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This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) is a cellular receptor for the New World hemorrhagic fever arenaviruses Machupo, Jun¿n, and Guanarito (MACV, JUNV, and GTOV). Each of these viruses is specifically adapted to a distinct rodent host species, but all cause human disease. Here we compare the ability of these viruses to utilize various mammalian TfR1 orthologs, including those of the South American rodents that serve as reservoirs for MACV, JUNV and GTOV (Calomys callosus, Calomys musculinus, and Zygodontomys brevicauda, respectively). Retroviruses pseudotyped with MACV and JUNV, but not GTOV, glycoproteins (GP) efficiently utilized C. callosus TfR1, whereas only JUNV GP could use C. musculinus TfR1.