National Biomedical Information Services

国家生物医学信息服务

• 批准号: 8558151
• 负责人: Betsy Humphreys
• 金额: $ 27174.62万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8558151
• 关键词: Address; Administrator; Adopted; Adoption; Adverse effects; Adverse event; African American; Amendment; American; American Indian and Alaska Native; Archives; Area; Award; Awareness; Bibliographic Databases; Bioinformatics; Biotechnology; Books; Characteristics; Clinical; Clinical Practice Guideline; Clinical Research; Clinical Trials; Code; Collaborations; Collection; Communication; Communities; Computational Biology; Computer software; Consensus; Controlled Vocabulary; Country; Data; Data Set; Databases; Development; Disasters; Documentation; Education; Effectiveness; Electronic Health Record; Electronics; Emergency Situation; Ensure; Environmental Health; Extensible Markup Language; Family; Fostering; Funding; Genbank; General Population; Genetic; Genetic Variation; Genetic screening method; Genome; Genomics; Goals; Guidelines; Hawaiian population; Hazardous Substances; Health; Health Policy; Health Professional; Health Sciences; Health Services Research; Health Technology; Healthcare; Hispanics; Hospitals; Human Genome; ICD-10-CM; ICD-9-CM; Image; Image Analysis; Imagery; Improve Access; Information Centers; Information Dissemination; Information Management; Information Resources; Information Services; Information Specialists; Information Systems; Institutes; International; Intervention; Interview; Intramural Research Program; Journals; Label; Laboratories; Language; Libraries; Licensing; Life; Link; Literature; Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes; MEDLINE; Maps; MeSH Thesaurus; Medical; Medical Informatics; MedlinePlus; Methodology; Methods; Minority; Molecular Biology; Names; National Human Genome Research Institute; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Native Americans; Native-Born; Natural Language Processing; Nomenclature; Package Insert; Patient observation; Patients; Personal Health Records; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physicians; Play; Poison Control Centers; Policy Maker; Population; Practice Guidelines; Process; PubMed; Public Health; Publishing; Readiness; Registries; Reporting; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resolution; Resources; Retrieval; Role; Rural; SNOMED Clinical Terms; Software Tools; Solid; Speed; Structure; Students; Summary Reports; System; Technology; Technology Assessment; Terminology; Test Result; Testing; Text; Time; Toxicology; Toxicology Data Network; Toxics Release Inventory; Training; Treatment Protocols; Underserved Population; Unified Medical Language System; United States National Institutes of Health; United States National Library of Medicine; Update; Vocabulary; Voice; base; biomedical informatics; biomedical information system; comparative effectiveness; design; dosage; drug market; drug standard; exhibitions; genome wide association study; health disparity; health information technology; health literacy; high school; improved; indexing; inner city; instrument; journal article; knowledge base; language processing; mammalian genome; metathesaurus; outreach; outreach program; programs; research and development; research study; response; scientific computing; systems research; tool; web site

Delivering Biomedical Information Services In FY12, NLM expanded the quantity and range of high quality information available to researchers, health professionals, and the public, including significant expansion in mobile applications and open data initiatives via API access. The NLM Mobile app, released in FY12, is a guide to NLM's collection of mobile apps. Among the NLM's intramural programs that contribute to its national biomedical information services are the following examples: PubMed/MEDLINE: PubMed, which incorporates MEDLINE, is NLM's premier bibliographic database with over 22 million references to biomedical journal articles. MEDLINE articles are indexed by experts using the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) controlled vocabulary, updated annually. In FY12, more than 700,000 new indexed citations were added. PubMed Central: The PubMed Central archive of over 2.5 million full-text journal articles is central to the NIH effort to make accessible the published results of research it supports. In FY12, PMC's Journal Archiving Tag Suite (JATS), an XML format for exchange of journal content, was officially adopted as a standard by American National Standards Institute. MedlinePlus and MedlinePlus en espanol: These consumer health information resources cover more than 900 topics, in more than 40 languages. MedlinePlus Connect, linking electronic health records to MedlinePlus drug information and health topics by leveraging standardized codes and vocabularies required for meaningful use, was expanded in FY12. Clinical Trials: ClinicalTrials.gov covers more than 130,000 clinical research studies in nearly 180 countries, with hundreds added weekly. It also contains reports of summary results and adverse effects, in accordance with the FDA Amendments Act of 2007 (PL 110-85). In FY12, more than 18,000 new trials were registered. Summary results, including adverse events, of more than 2400 trials were also added, bringing the total summary results to more than 6900. Toxicology and Environmental Health: Toxicology Data Network (TOXNET) is a primary reference for toxicologists, poison control centers, public health administrators, physicians and other environmental health professionals, and includes databases such as TOXLINE, GENE-TOX, Toxic Release Inventory, Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB), and LiverTox, released in FY12 with NIDDK. In FY12, the GeneEd genetics education resource for high school students was released with NHGRI. Drug Information Resources: Drug information resources include DailyMed and Pillbox. DailyMed provides medication content and labeling information from medical package inserts for more than 40,000 marketed drugs. Pillbox enables rapid identification of unknown solid-dosage medications based on physical characteristics and high-resolution images. Both are linked to NLM's RxNorm standard drug names. Disaster Preparedness and Response: NLM's Disaster Information Management Research Center facilitates access to disaster information, promotes effective use of libraries and disaster information specialists for disaster management, and supports initiatives to ensure uninterrupted access to critical health information resources when disasters occur. A continuing collaboration with the Bethesda Hospital Emergency Preparedness Partnership (BHEPP) provides backup communication systems and tools for patient tracking, information access, and responder training. In FY12, the The Patient Tracking and Locating System, a portable electronic tool to help hospitals handle the surge of patients during a disaster, won an HHSinnovates award. Molecular Biology, Bioinformatics, and Human Genome Resources: NCBI resources include more than 40 integrated molecular biology databases and bioinformatics software tools such as GenBank, Entrez, BLAST, RefSeq, dbGAP, Genomes, Genetic Testing Registry and ClinVar released in FY12, and the NCBI software toolkit. NCBI also provides access to PubMed, PubMed Central, and the Books database. Continuing areas of emphasis in FY12 included addressing the impact of enormous quantities of data emanating from high throughput sequencing and microarrays; improving methodology for representing mammalian genome assemblies; organizing data from genome-wide association studies; and enhancing the interfaces to journal literature retrieval to facilitate search and discovery. Outreach: Promoting Public Awareness and Access Consumer health websites and the NIH MedlinePlus Magazine, in English and Spanish, transmit the latest useful research findings in lay language. NLM outreach programs enhance awareness of its information services, with emphasis on underserved populations, including African American, Hispanic, and Native American communities, as well as health professionals serving minority populations and practicing in rural and inner city communities. In FY12, dozens of community-based projects were funded. Also in FY12, NLM opened the Native Voices: Native Peoples' Concepts of Health and Illness exhibition. The exhibition explores the connection between wellness, illness, and cultural life through interviews with American Indians, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians; artwork; objects; and interactive media. Health Services Research NICHSR promotes access to public health and health services research through such information systems as: HSRProj, a database of more than 9000 health services research projects from more than 110 funding organizations; HSRR, a database of research datasets, instruments and software relevant to health services research; and HSTAT, a full-text database of high quality evidence reports, guidelines, technology assessments, consensus statements, and treatment protocols. Structured search queries are developed to aid in searching PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and HSRProj for information on health services research, comparative effectiveness, health disparities, and HealthyPeople 2020 objectives. Advanced Information Systems and Research Tools In FY12, LHC and NCBI continued to conduct research in biomedical informatics and computational biology, tested the effectiveness of medical informatics interventions, and developed new scientific computing tools. To cite a few examples, intramural researchers developed tools that support standards-based personal health records; directed the re-design of the ITK suite of software tools for image analysis; applied natural language processing methods to extract information from biomedical literature; improved standardized reporting of genetic variations and clinical interpretation of genetic test results; and designed improved methods for integrated search and discovery across multiple databases. Health Data Standards: As the central coordinating body for clinical terminology standards within HHS, NLM supports nationwide implementation of an interoperable health information technology infrastructure and provides essential tools for meaningful use of electronic health records (EHRs). NLM develops, supports, or licenses for free US-wide use the key clinical terminologies designated as standards for U.S. health information exchange. The Unified Medical Language System Metathesaurus, with more than 10 million concept names from more than 160 vocabularies, is a distribution mechanism for standard code sets and vocabularies used in health data systems. NLM also produces RxNorm, a standard clinical drug vocabulary; supports the LOINC nomenclature for laboratory tests and patient observations; and promotes international adoption of the SNOMED CT clinical terminology. In FY12, NLM enhanced applications programming interfaces (APIs) to its UMLS and drug vocabulary resources, released new mappings from SNOMED CT to ICD-10-CM and from ICD-9-CM to SNOMED CT, and expanded documentation and training resources for EHR developers and users.

提供生物医学信息服务 在2012财年，NLM扩大了研究人员，卫生专业人员和公众可用的高质量信息的数量和范围，包括通过API访问的移动应用程序和开放数据计划的重大扩展。 NLM移动应用程序于2012财年发布，是NLM收集移动应用程序的指南。在NLM为其国家生物医学信息服务做出贡献的NLM室内计划中，有以下示例： PubMed/Medline：合并MEDLINE的PubMed是NLM的主要参考书目数据库，对生物医学期刊文章的参考超过2200万。 Medline文章每年都会使用医学主题标题（MESH）控制的词汇索引，每年更新。在2012财年，添加了700,000多个新的索引引用。 PubMed Central：超过250万本全文期刊文章的PubMed Central档案是NIH努力，以使其支持的研究结果可访问。在2012财年，PMC的期刊归档标签套件（JATS）是一种用于交换期刊内容的XML格式，被美国国家标准研究所正式通过。 Medlineplus和Medlineplus en Espanol：这些消费者健康信息资源以40多种语言涵盖了900多个主题。 MedlinePlus Connect将电子健康记录与MedlinePlus药物信息和健康主题联系起来，通过利用有意义使用所需的标准化代码和词汇量，在2012财年扩展了。 临床试验：ClinicalTrials.gov在近180个国家 /地区涵盖了13万多个临床研究，每周增加数百个。根据2007年的FDA修正案（PL 110-85），它还包含有关摘要结果和不利影响的报告。在2012财年，已注册了18,000多次新试验。 还添加了2400多个试验的摘要结果，包括不良事件，将总摘要结果达到6900多个。 毒理学和环境健康：毒理学数据网络（TOXNET）是毒理学家，毒物控制中心，公共卫生管理员，医师和其他环境卫生专业人员的主要参考，包括数据库，例如毒品，毒品 - 毒品，毒性库存库存，危险物质数据库（HSDB）以及Livertox，并在Fydk中释放。在2012财年，Geneed Geneed Genetics教育资源针对NHGRI释放。 药物信息资源：药物信息资源包括Dailymed和Pillbox。 Dailymed为40,000多种销售药物提供了医疗包插入物中的药物含量和标记信息。 Pillbox可以根据物理特征和高分辨率图像快速识别未知的固体剂量药物。两者都与NLM的RXNorm标准药物名称有关。 灾难准备和响应：NLM的灾难信息管理研究中心有助于访问灾难信息，促进图书馆和灾难信息专家进行灾难管理，并支持倡议，以确保在发生灾难时不间断地访问关键的健康信息资源。与贝塞斯达医院紧急准备伙伴关系（BHEPP）的持续合作提供了备份通讯系统和患者跟踪，信息访问和响应者培训的工具。 在2012财年，患者跟踪和定位系统是一种便携式电子工具，可帮助医院在灾难期间处理患者的激增，并获得了HHSINNOVATES奖。 分子生物学，生物信息学和人类基因组资源：NCBI资源包括40多个集成分子生物学数据库和生物信息学软件工具，例如GenBank，Entrez，Blast，Blast，RefSeq，RefSeq，DBGAP，DBGAP，基因组，基因测试，基因测试注册表和Clinvar在FY12以及NCBI Software Toolskit中发布。 NCBI还提供了PubMed，PubMed Central和Books Database的访问权限。 FY12中的继续重点领域包括解决高吞吐量测序和微阵列发出的大量数据的影响；改进代表哺乳动物基因组组件的方法；来自全基因组关联研究的数据；并增强与期刊文献检索的接口，以促进搜索和发现。 推广：提高公众意识和访问 用英语和西班牙语的《消费者健康网站》和《 NIH Medlineplus》杂志以外行语言传递了最新的有用研究结果。 NLM宣传计划提高了对其信息服务的认识，重点是服务不足的人口，包括非裔美国人，西班牙裔和美洲原住民社区，以及为农村和城市社区提供少数群体和实践的卫生专业人员。在2012财年，资助了数十个基于社区的项目。同样在2012财年，NLM开设了本地人的声音：当地人民的健康和疾病展览的概念。 该展览通过与美洲印第安人，阿拉斯加原住民和夏威夷原住民的访谈探讨了健康，疾病和文化生活之间的联系；艺术品;对象；和交互式媒体。 卫生服务研究 NICHSR通过：HSRPROJ（HSRPROJ）促进访问公共卫生和卫生服务研究，这是一个来自110多个资助组织的9000多个卫生服务研究项目的数据库； HSRR，与卫生服务研究有关的研究数据集，工具和软件的数据库； HSTAT是高质量证据报告，指南，技术评估，共识声明和治疗方案的全文数据库。开发结构化的搜索查询是为了帮助搜索PubMed，ClinicalTrials.gov和HSRPROJ，以获取有关健康服务研究，比较有效性，健康差异和Healthypeople 2020目标的信息。 高级信息系统和研究工具 在2012财年，LHC和NCBI继续在生物医学信息学和计算生物学方面进行研究，测试了医学信息学干预措施的有效性，并开发了新的科学计算工具。举一些例子，壁上研究人员开发了支持基于标准的个人健康记录的工具；指示了ITK套件的重新设计用于图像分析的软件工具；应用自然语言处理方法来从生物医学文献中提取信息；改进了遗传变异的标准化报告和遗传测试结果的临床解释；并设计了改进的方法，用于跨多个数据库集成搜索和发现。 健康数据标准：作为HHS内临床术语标准的中心协调机构，NLM支持全国实施可互操作的健康信息技术基础设施，并为有意义地使用电子健康记录（EHRS）提供了重要的工具。 NLM开发，支持或免费的美国范围内使用的许可证使用指定为美国健康信息交换标准的关键临床术语。统一的医学语言系统Metathesaurus拥有超过160个词汇的1000万个概念名称，是用于健康数据系统中使用的标准代码集和词汇的分配机制。 NLM还产生RXNORM，这是一种标准的临床药物词汇；支持LIENC命名法进行实验室测试和患者观察；并促进国际采用CT临床术语。在FY12中，NLM增强了应用程序界面（API）的UMLS和药物词汇资源，从SNOMED CT到ICD-10-CM以及从ICD-9-CM到SNOMED CT发布了新的映射，并扩展了EHR开发人员和用户的文档和培训资源。