Marijuana Harm Reduction: Innovative Strategies for Developing New Knowledge

减少大麻危害：开发新知识的创新策略

• 批准号: 9126237
• 负责人: KENT E. HUTCHISON
• 金额: $ 44.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2021-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9126237
• 关键词: Address; Alaska; Blood; Cannabidiol; Cannabinoids; Cognition; Colorado; DNA; Data; Dose; Ensure; Flowers; Future; Government; Harm Reduction; Human; Individual; Intoxication; Knowledge; Lead; Legal; Life; Literature; Marijuana; Marketing; Measures; Memory; Observational Study; Oregon; Policies; Public Health; Public Policy; Randomized; Recommendation; Regulation; Research; Rewards; Sales; Scientist; Short-Term Memory; Terpenes; Testing; Tetrahydrocannabinol; United States; Variant; Washington; base; design; drug reward; genome sequencing; innovation; laboratory experiment; marijuana use; programs; public health relevance

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Over the last two years, the United States has witnessed enormous changes concerning the acceptance of marijuana. In 2015, Colorado state officials expect demand in the legal market to exceed 130 metric tons. Given these changes, the scientific literature that should inform public policy regarding harm reduction is inadequate and outdated. There are a number of critical limitations in the extant literature that need to be addressed if scientists are to have an influence on the regulation of marijuana. Scientists need to understand the effects of commonly used marijuana strains, as they are used in everyday life, as opposed to relying solely on testing the effects of government grown marijuana in controlled laboratory experiments. In addition, scientists need to conceptualize the effects of marijuana as the compound action of different cannabinoids, specifically tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). The ratio of CBD to THC may have an important impact on the effects of the marijuana, which in turn may have important implications for harm reduction. The overarching objective of the proposed research is to advance a more nuanced understanding of the potential harm associated with different strains of marijuana, using an observational design with high external validity, thereby avoiding many of the limitations of previous research. The first specifi aim will examine three strains that differ markedly on THC potency (6%, 12%, 18%) but do not differ on the potency of other major cannabinoids (< .5%) to determine whether the level of THC is associated with increased intoxication and greater harmful effects. It is hypothesized that the higher potency marijuana will be associated with greater blood levels of THC and diminished working memory and increased ratings of drug reward. The second specific aim will examine whether CBD moderates the harmful effects of THC and will identify the ratio of CBD to THC with the lowest harmful effects. To this end, 180 regular users will be assigned to one of five strains of marijuana with different ratios of CBD to THC, ranging approximately from 1:20 to 20:1. It is hypothesized that the strains with a high CBD to THC ratio will demonstrate the least amount of harm on measures of memory and drug reward. The information gained from this research will inform the public about the potential harms of different cannabinoids and strains. It may also have a translational application with respect to identifying THC levels or CBD to THC ratios that could be the focus of future regulatory actions.

 描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的两年里，美国在接受大麻方面发生了巨大的变化。2015年，科罗拉多州官员预计法律的市场需求将超过130公吨。鉴于这些变化，应该为减少危害的公共政策提供信息的科学文献是不充分和过时的。如果科学家要对大麻的监管产生影响，现存文献中有一些关键的局限性需要解决。科学家需要了解常用大麻品种的影响，因为它们在日常生活中使用，而不是仅仅依靠在受控实验室实验中测试政府种植的大麻的影响。此外，科学家需要将大麻的作用概念化为不同大麻素的复合作用，特别是四氢大麻酚（THC）和大麻二酚（CBD）。CBD与THC的比例可能对大麻的效果产生重要影响，这反过来可能对减少危害产生重要影响。拟议研究的总体目标是使用具有高外部有效性的观察设计，促进对与不同大麻品种相关的潜在危害的更细致入微的理解，从而避免以前研究的许多局限性。第一个具体目标将检查THC效力显著不同（6%，12%，18%）但其他主要大麻素效力无差异（< .5%）的三种菌株，以确定THC水平是否与中毒增加和更大的有害影响有关。据推测，更高效力的大麻将与更高的THC血液水平和减少的工作记忆和增加的药物奖励评级有关。第二个具体目标将审查CBD是否减轻THC的有害影响，并确定CBD与THC的比例，使其具有最低的有害影响。为此，180名普通用户将被分配到五种大麻中的一种，其中CBD与THC的比例不同，约为1：20至20：1。据推测，CBD与THC比例高的菌株对记忆和药物奖励的伤害最小。从这项研究中获得的信息将告知公众不同大麻素和菌株的潜在危害。它 还可以在确定THC水平或CBD与THC比率方面具有转化应用，这可能是未来监管行动的重点。