Value of Information and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis to Optimize Research and Policy Decisions for HIV Care in Resource Limited Settings

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ABSTRACT This K01 research and training grant aims to use innovative value of information (VOI) analysis methods to efficiently inform the prioritization and design of potential clinical research studies related to managing virologic failure on dolutegravir (DTG)-based ART for adults (15 years and older) in Kenya, which will also have broader implications for resource-limited settings (RLS). The introduction of generic DTG to RLS raises new questions about optimum clinical management for people living with HIV for whom DTG-based regimens are failing. Conducting furtherclinicalresearch can informand improve HIV treatment guidelines; however, research funding resources are limited. Thus, it is important that methods for setting funding prioritie s maximize the potential downstream health benefits of research. The proposed K01 will leverage an individual-based HIV epidemiologic stochastic model, developed by Dr. Duarte, for a Kenyan adult (15 years and older) population. This project’s research aims (R1-3) are to: R1) Given currently available data, evaluate the potential cost-effectiveness of drug resistance testing to inform choice of second-line ART for patients with unsuppressed viral load on DTG-based ART; R2) Calculate the maximum potential returns on investment to be expected from further research related to managing virologic failure on DTG-based ART and identify which research studies have the greatest potential health benefit; and R3) Calculate the optimal sample size for potential key clinical studies identified in Aim 2. The research aims of this study will provide Dr. Duarte the opportunity to pursue his training aims ( T1-4), including: T1) Develop expertise in Bayesian theory and methods for model parameterization and calibration, conducting VOI analyses, and designing clinical studies; T2) Develop expertise in VOI analysis, including statistical methods for meta-model development; T3) Develop expertise in using open-source decision analysis methods, including data visualization tools; and T4) Understand the methodologic and pragmatic aspects of clinical study design, and develop relationships with stakeholders in Kenya and other RLS, in order to build research collaborations. These research and training goals will provide Dr. Duarte with valuable expertise that is applicable to a wide range of important health policy issues relevant to HIV, as well as other infectious disease challenges, thereby preparing him to transition to independence. He will plan to submit an R01 grant focused on informing the prioritization and design of clinical research to improve pediatric and maternal HIV health outcomes in RLS. This R01 will leverage the expertise Dr. Duarte gains through the proposed K01 and combine it with his ongoing, pilot grant-funded work building simulation models for pediatric and maternal HIV-affected populations. Dr. Duarte will complete his K01 career development training at the University of Washington, which provides an outstanding environment for training in computational methods and applying them to global health issues, as the university has a strong >25-year history of collaboration with Kenyan institutions.