Systems Biology for Molecular Analysis of Tuberculosis in Ethiopia

埃塞俄比亚结核病分子分析的系统生物学

• 批准号: 8914076
• 负责人: Gobena Ameni
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-20 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8914076
• 关键词: AIDS/HIV problem; Accounting; Address; Affect; African; Alveolar Macrophages; Antibiotic Resistance; Antibiotic Therapy; Area; Attenuated; BCG Vaccine; Bacillus (bacterium); Binding; Biological Assay; Blood Vessels; Breathing; CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes; Cells; Chromosomes; Chronic; Communicable Disease Control; Communicable Diseases; Containment; Contracts; Country; DNA; Data; Development; Discipline; Disease; Disease Progression; Drug resistance in tuberculosis; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Epithelial; Ethiopia; Genomics; Genotype; Granuloma; Growth; HIV; Health; Helminthiasis; Helminths; Host Defense; Human; Human Microbiome; Hypoxia; Immune; Immune response; Immune system; Immunity; Individual; Infection; Infiltration; Inflammation; Institutes; Invaded; Knowledge; Life; Livestock; Lung; Malnutrition; Methodology; Microbe; Molecular Analysis; Molecular Epidemiology; Morbidity - disease rate; Multi-Drug Resistance; Multiple drug resistant Mycobacteria Tuberculosis; Mycobacterium bovis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Outcome; Pathology; Patients; Pattern; Phagocytosis; Phase; Population; Poverty; Predisposition; Preparation; Probability; Proteins; Proteome; Public Health; Recombinant DNA; Recurrence; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Respiratory System; Respiratory tract structure; Scientist; Severities; Structure of parenchyma of lung; Surveys; Systems Biology; Technology; Training Programs; Tuberculin Test; Tuberculosis; Universities; Vaccines; aerosolized; antimicrobial; base; burden of illness; cohort; disease transmission; drug sensitivity; genome analysis; improved; innovation; insight; latent infection; microbiome; mortality; neglect; non-tuberculosis mycobacteria; novel; pathogen; population based; prevent; respiratory; response; skills; tool; trait; transmission process

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is estimated to have infected one third of the world's population based on reports from surveys on positive skin tuberculin tests. There are 22 high-burden countries globally, among them Ethiopia, accounting for 80% of all active tuberculosis cases. The clonal relatedness of strains circulating in humans and other potential reservoirs is poorly understood. Molecular epidemiology is gaining importance in tracking strains and addressing key public health challenges to prevent and control communicable diseases in Ethiopia, including tuberculosis (TB). Ethiopian pastoralist populations have been neglected despite their vulnerability to various infectious diseases. Surveillance of TB in these areas is also minimal. As pastoralists rely on livestock products, a significant, largely unexplored challenge is the potentially high level of transmission of tuberculosis between livestock and people. There is currently no effective vaccine protecting humans against TB. The Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccine consisting of attenuated Mycobacterium bovis preparations is the only approved vaccine against TB, but no longer provides protective immunity in some populations. Another challenge is the need of prolonged antibiotic treatment which, if not properly completed, accelerates the development of Mtb multi-drug resistance. Major problems in high TB disease burden countries are human and environmental factors that contribute to a weakened immune system and can increase susceptibility to Mtb infection, recurrence of latent infection and high morbidity and mortality. Modern genomics tools will considerably impact the knowledge of transmission dynamics, the extent of strain diversity and molecular interactions of TB with its host environments. In the proposed partnership between Addis Ababa University (AAU) and J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI), the objective is to build genomics capacity at AAU, with a focus on the typing of strains of Mtb and M. bovis using Illumina Nextgen sequencing technologies and, in demonstration projects, understanding the relationships of active TB disease with host components such as the human respiratory microbiome and protein-based analysis of immune responses in the respiratory tract. This proposal includes innovative systems biology research as well as a program training Ethiopian scientists in genomics disciplines and applications to infectious diseases. 2.

结核分枝杆菌（MTB）估计是基于世界三分之一的人口。 来自阳性皮肤结核蛋白测试的调查报告。全球有22个高负荷国家，包括 他们是埃塞俄比亚，占所有活性结核病病例的80％。菌株循环的克隆相关性 在人类和其他潜在的水库中，人们的理解很少。分子流行病学在 跟踪菌株并应对预防和控制传染病的关键公共卫生挑战 埃塞俄比亚，包括结核病（TB）。尽管埃塞俄比亚牧民人口被忽略了 对各种传染病的脆弱性。在这些地区对结核病的监视也很少。作为牧民 依靠牲畜产品，一个重要的，没有探索的挑战是潜在的高水平 牲畜与人之间结核病的传播。目前没有有效的疫苗保护 人类反对结核病。由衰减分枝杆菌组成的芽孢杆菌葡萄蛋白（BCG）疫苗 Bovis制剂是针对结核病的唯一批准的疫苗，但不再提供保护性免疫力 一些人群。另一个挑战是需要长时间的抗生素治疗，如果不正确 完成，加速了MTB多药电阻的发展。高结核病疾病的主要问题 负担国家是人类和环境因素，导致免疫系统疲软，可以 增加对MTB感染的敏感性，潜在感染的复发以及高发病率和死亡率。现代的 基因组学工具将极大地影响传播动态的知识，应变多样性的程度 结核病与其宿主环境的分子相互作用。在Addis Ababa之间的拟议合作伙伴关系中 大学（AAU）和J. Craig Venter Institute（JCVI），目的是在AAU上建立基因组学能力 使用Illumina NextGen测序技术专注于MTB和M. Bovis菌株的键入，并在 演示项目，了解主动结核病与宿主组件的关系，例如 人类呼吸道微生物组和基于蛋白质的呼吸道免疫反应分析。 该建议包括创新的系统生物学研究以及计划培训埃塞俄比亚科学家 在基因组学学科和对传染病的应用。 2。