Glucose monitoring using polarized light

描述（由申请人提供）：糖尿病是一种慢性疾病，需要日常管理以防止血糖水平大幅波动，糖尿病疾病管理以及生物医学传感器开发是NIH NIDDK和NIBIB的主要目标。正常葡萄糖水平的维持需要每日监测，目前主要通过使用市售的侵入式（手指或前臂棒法）血糖阅读装置来进行。新型无创葡萄糖传感器的设计和开发将提供一种测量血糖的方法，而不需要使用手指穿刺装置的疼痛和尴尬，从而允许增加测量频率，更严格的控制，以及更少的糖尿病继发性并发症，如心脏病，失明，肾衰竭，坏疽和失明。因此，诸如本文提出的非侵入性装置将有助于更好地患者顺应性以监测血糖。本研究的最终目标是设计和评估一种非侵入性的光学偏振技术，用于测量眼前房中的葡萄糖浓度，作为血糖的可量化测量。这项研究的主要成果将是开发一种廉价、非侵入性的葡萄糖传感原型，特别适合于自我监测，以帮助控制糖尿病。该装置还可以在医生办公室或创伤护理单位中具有实用性。到目前为止，该团队已经获得了广泛的体外结果，显示了该方法的灵敏度，特异性和整体可行性。该团队还获得了有限的体内结果，显示了该技术的前景。然而，为了实现体内临床器械，需要对一些关键领域进行研究。本研究提出了两个具体目标：1）设计、构建和测试一种系统，以减少由于眼球运动引起的角膜双折射伪影，并在存在浓度变化的其他光学活性分子的情况下阐明葡萄糖浓度。2)开发一种耦合光进出眼睛的方法，并测量血液和房水葡萄糖水平之间的体内平衡时间延迟。PI和他的实验室非常适合进行这项研究，在光学生物传感和生物医学工程方面拥有专业知识和超过15年的经验，可以设计和开发这种光学葡萄糖监测仪。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires daily management to prevent large fluctuations in blood glucose levels and Diabetes disease management as well as biomedical sensor development is prime targets of the NIDDK and NIBIB at NIH. Maintenance of normal glucose levels requires daily monitoring which is currently performed primarily by using a commercially available invasive (finger or forearm stick method) blood glucose reading device. The design and development of a new noninvasive glucose sensor would provide a means for measurement of blood glucose without requiring the pain and embarrassment of using a finger prick device, thereby allowing for increased frequency of measurement, tighter control, and fewer secondary complications from diabetes mellitus, such as heart disease, blindness, kidney failure, gangrene, and blindness. Thus a noninvasive device such as the one proposed here would serve to facilitate better patient compliance for monitoring blood glucose. The ultimate goal of this research is to design and evaluate a noninvasive optical polarimetry technique for measuring glucose concentration in the anterior chamber of the eye as a quantifiable measure of blood glucose. The primary result of the research will be the development of an inexpensive, noninvasive, glucose sensing prototype particularly suited for self-monitoring to aid in the control of the disease diabetes mellitus. The device may also have utility in a doctor's office or in a trauma care unit. To date, this team has obtained extensive in vitro results showing the sensitivity, specificity, and overall feasibility of the approach. The team also has obtained limited in vivo results showing promise for the technique. However, there are key areas that need to be investigated for the realization of an in vivo clinical device. There are two specific aims proposed in this research: 1) to design, build, and test a system to reduce corneal birefringence artifacts due to eye motion and elucidate glucose concentration in the presence of other optically active molecules that vary in concentration. 2) To develop a means of coupling light in and out of the eye and measure the in vivo equilibration time delay between blood and aqueous humor glucose levels. The PI and his lab are uniquely suited to carry out this research, have expertise and over 15 years experience in optical biosensing and biomedical engineering for the design and development of this optical glucose monitor.