Inequality and Health-Risk Behavior: Investigating Genome-Environment Interplay

项目摘要/摘要 基因组学知识的重大进展揭示了基因-环境相互作用和表观遗传机制的重要性 在健康结果方面。然而，仍然存在相当大的知识差距，因为很少有研究人员在这两方面都接受过足够的培训 基因组学和社会科学应对实施严格基因环境的挑战和复杂性(G-E) 研究。认识到这些差距的重要性，NIH和NICHD的人口动力学分支都 强调基因环境健康研究是一项战略优先事项。我正在寻找一名人口研究科学家 发展奖(K01)，以获得新学科(基因组学)的基本职业发展培训，以便 将基因-环境-表观基因组相互作用整合到我的研究中，将社会劣势与健康危险行为联系起来 心理社会图式。我之前在社会不平等、社会心理学、人生历程和发展方面的社会科学培训，以及 风险行为以及我的量化技能为我提供了强大的社会学基础。拟议的培训计划将 在此基础上，在一支优秀的导师团队的监督下，提供基本的基因组学培训 和具有互补专业知识的顾问。遗传学、统计遗传学、表观遗传学以及法律方面的正式课程， 人类遗传学中的伦理和社会问题；在我导师的指导下进行的研究；以及研讨会将为我的导师 一个研究项目，探索社会逆境如何与基因变异相互作用，以及“进入基因组”如何影响 心理社会图式和危害健康的行为。我的导师，公共卫生遗传学家布鲁斯·韦尔和社会遗传学家杰森 博德曼将监督我的培训、研究和学术发展的方方面面，以及我的顾问爱德华·巴克博士 和Esther Walton，将为我提供专门的社会表观遗传学知识、方法技能和指导 使用ALSPAC数据资源。这一综合培训计划将应用于探索以下方面的项目： 基因-(社会)环境在社会逆境、导致风险的心理社会取向和健康之间的联系上相互作用。 从发展的角度看危险行为[例如，(多基因)G×E(逆境)]，(2)DNA甲基化(DNaM)作为 社会逆境调节致危心理社会取向的生物学途径，以及(3)组织特异性 DNaM模式。我将利用ALSPAC的数据，这是一项基于人口的小组研究，研究对象是来自前一个县的母子对 从怀孕到23岁的儿童。这些数据不仅包含社会和身体方面的广泛衡量标准 环境、心理取向、健康行为和健康结果，还包括基因数据和重复 评估随时间变化的dNaM措施。总体而言，这个奖项将为我提供受保护的时间和指导 (1)获得遗传学、统计遗传学和社会表观遗传学方面的专业知识；(2)在指导下进行有指导的研究 专家团队；(3)撰写手稿，展示成果，发展跨学科专业网络，并准备 一份创新的R01拨款提案，开启了我作为一名研究健康差距的独立社会基因组学学者的职业生涯。 在这次培训结束后，我将拥有可以转化为我自己独立研究的技能和经验 计划，帮助培养下一代社会遗传学学者的能力，以及进行创新的能力 从发展的角度将社会和基因组因素与危害健康的行为联系起来的研究。

Project Summary/Abstract Significant advances in genomics knowledge reveal the importance of gene-environment interplay and epigenetic mechanisms in health outcomes. Yet, considerable knowledge gaps remain because few investigators have sufficient training in both genomics and social science to confront the challenges and complexities of conducting rigorous gene-environment (G-E) research. Recognizing the importance of these gaps, both the NIH and NICHD's Population Dynamics Branch have highlighted gene-environment health research as a strategic priority. I am seeking a Population Research Scientist Development (K01) Award to procure essential career development training in a new discipline (genomics) in order to integrate gene-environment-epigenome interplay into my research linking social disadvantage to health-risk behaviors through psychosocial schemas. My prior social science training in social inequality, social psychology, life course and development, and risky behavior as well as my quantitative skills provide a strong sociological foundation. The proposed training plan would expand on this foundation by providing essential training in genomics under the supervision of an excellent team of mentors and advisors with complementary expertise. Formal coursework in genetics, statistical genetics, and epigenetics as well as legal, ethical, and social issues in human genetics; directed study under my mentors; and workshops will prepare me for a mentored research project exploring how social adversity interacts with genetic variation and `gets onto the genome' to influence psychosocial schemas and health-risk behaviors. My mentors, public-health geneticist Bruce Weir and social geneticist Jason Boardman will supervise all aspects of my training, research, and scholarly development, and my advisors, Drs. Edward Barker and Esther Walton, will provide me with specialized social epigenetic knowledge, methodological skills, and guidance for working with the ALSPAC data resource. This integrative training program will be applied in projects exploring (1) the role of gene-(social) environment interplay on the linkages between social adversity, `riskogenic' psychosocial orientations, and health- risk behaviors from a developmental perspective [e.g., (polygenic)G x E(adversity)], (2) DNA methylation (DNAm) as a biological pathway through which social adversity calibrates riskogenic psychosocial orientations, and (3) tissue specificity in DNAm patterns. I will utilize the ALSPAC data, a population-based panel study of mother-child pairs from the former county of Avon followed from gestation to child age 23. These data contain not only extensive measures of social and physical environments, psychological orientations, health behaviors and health outcomes, but also genotype data and repeated measures of DNAm to assess changes over time. Overall this award will provide me with the protected time and mentorship to (1) gain expertise in genetics, statistical genetics, and social epigenetics; (2) conduct mentored research under the guidance of a team of experts; and (3) write manuscripts, present results, develop an interdisciplinary professional network, and prepare an innovative R01 grant proposal to initiate my career as an independent social genomics scholar researching health disparities. At the end of this training period, I will have skills and experience that I can translate to my own independent research program, the capacity to help train the next generation of sociogenomic scholars, and the ability to conduct innovative research linking social and genomic factors to health-risk behaviors from a developmental perspective.