T Cell Co-stimulation and the Resistance of Regulatory T cells to Gut Inflammation
T Cell Co-stimulation and the Resistance of Regulatory T cells to Gut Inflammation
批准号:
10115530
负责人:
Craig L Maynard
金额:
$18.56万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-03-01 至 2023-02-28
关键词:
AddressAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntigen-Presenting CellsAntigensAutoimmunityBacterial AntigensCD4 Positive T LymphocytesCell Differentiation processCell TherapyCellsChronicClinicalColitisCrohn&aposs diseaseCuesDevelopmentDiseaseEngineeringFOXP3 geneFlagellinFollow-Up StudiesFoundationsFutureGenerationsGenesGoalsHealthHomeostasisHumanImmuneImmunotherapyIn VitroInflammationInflammation MediatorsInflammatoryInflammatory Bowel DiseasesInterleukin-2Intestinal MucosaIntestinesLarge IntestineLifeLigandsLymphocyteMediatingMinorModelingMolecularMusNaturePathway interactionsPhenotypePhysiologicalPopulationRegulationRegulatory T-LymphocyteResearchResistanceRoleSignal TransductionSiteSusceptibility GeneSystemT-Cell ReceptorT-LymphocyteTestingTherapeuticTherapeutic UsesThymus GlandTransforming Growth Factor betaTretinoinUlcerative Colitisbiological systemscommensal microbesexperimental studyfeasibility testinggenome wide association studyhuman diseaseimprintin vivoinflammatory disease of the intestineinsightloss of function mutationmicrobiotanovelnovel strategiesperipheral bloodpreventprogramsreceptorresiliencesuccesstranscription factor
中文摘要
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英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT. CD4+ T regulatory cells (Treg cells) are a minor population of
lymphocytes found throughout the body. Treg cells are primarily characterized by expression of the
transcription factor Foxp3 and are essential for preventing autoimmunity throughout life. Because of their
ability to suppress the activity of pro-inflammatory cells, and recent success treating human diseases, Treg
cells can potentially be effective in treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Some of the obstacles limiting
the clinical use of Treg cells include difficulties obtaining a sufficient number of cells, the inability to direct the
cells to the site of inflammation, and the instability of some Treg cells under inflammatory conditions. The latter
is especially true of in vitro-differentiated Treg cells (iTreg cells) that can be generated by stimulation of naïve
precursors in the presence of transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and retinoic acid.
This approach will allow for the generation of larger numbers of Treg cells than can be isolated and expanded
from peripheral blood. Moreover, such cells can be engineered to express gut antigen-specific receptors that
will ultimately guide them to the inflamed intestines. This means that the only major hurdle that would remain is
the well-documented instability of iTreg cells. Finding ways to overcome this limitation could therefore hasten
the therapeutic use of iTreg cells. One way to address this is to first determine how Treg cell stability is
achieved in nature and apply those mechanisms to the generation of iTreg cells. We have found that in the
absence of T cell so-stimulation via the interaction of the inducible T cell co-stimulator (ICOS) and its ligand
(ICOS ligand, ICOSL), Treg cells in the large intestine - all of which develop naturally in vivo - lose expression
of Foxp3. Even in health, the intestine is considered to be in a state of ‘physiologic inflammation’ owing to the
basal levels of pro-inflammatory mediators induced via interactions with the commensal microbiota. Therefore,
this project will test the hypothesis that ICOSL-ICOS stimulation is essential for imprinting the phenotypic
stability that promotes Foxp3+ Treg cell resilience in the presence of pro-inflammatory signals. Importantly, we
have also found that iTreg cells differentiated in the absence of ICOSL rapidly extinguish expression of Foxp3,
in stark contrast to their ICOSL-activated counterparts. The first objective of this proposal is to determine the
possible consequences of ICOSL deficiency on the fate of in vivo derived Treg cells, providing novel insight
into nature’s use of this pathway for promoting sustained expression of Foxp3 in the intestines. We will then
test whether inclusion of a robust APC-derived ICOSL signal is an effective means of inducing stable
microbiota antigen-specific iTreg cells that can specifically impede ongoing gut inflammation. Ultimately, this
study has the potential to move us one step closer to effective iTreg cell-mediated immunotherapy for IBD.
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会议论文
Immune Interactions with the Mucus-Associated Microbiota
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批准号:10649733
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$46.3万
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财政年份:2021
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负责人:Craig L Maynard
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依托单位:
Immune Interactions with the Mucus-Associated Microbiota
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批准号:10276261
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$45.85万
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财政年份:2021
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负责人:Craig L Maynard
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依托单位:
Immune Interactions with the Mucus-Associated Microbiota
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批准号:10449366
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$46.99万
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财政年份:2021
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负责人:Craig L Maynard
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依托单位:
海外基金