T Cell Co-stimulation and the Resistance of Regulatory T cells to Gut Inflammation
T Cell Co-stimulation and the Resistance of Regulatory T cells to Gut Inflammation
批准号:
10115530
负责人:
Craig L Maynard
金额:
$18.56万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-03-01 至 2023-02-28
关键词:
AddressAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntigen-Presenting CellsAntigensAutoimmunityBacterial AntigensCD4 Positive T LymphocytesCell Differentiation processCell TherapyCellsChronicClinicalColitisCrohn&aposs diseaseCuesDevelopmentDiseaseEngineeringFOXP3 geneFlagellinFollow-Up StudiesFoundationsFutureGenerationsGenesGoalsHealthHomeostasisHumanImmuneImmunotherapyIn VitroInflammationInflammation MediatorsInflammatoryInflammatory Bowel DiseasesInterleukin-2Intestinal MucosaIntestinesLarge IntestineLifeLigandsLymphocyteMediatingMinorModelingMolecularMusNaturePathway interactionsPhenotypePhysiologicalPopulationRegulationRegulatory T-LymphocyteResearchResistanceRoleSignal TransductionSiteSusceptibility GeneSystemT-Cell ReceptorT-LymphocyteTestingTherapeuticTherapeutic UsesThymus GlandTransforming Growth Factor betaTretinoinUlcerative Colitisbiological systemscommensal microbesexperimental studyfeasibility testinggenome wide association studyhuman diseaseimprintin vivoinflammatory disease of the intestineinsightloss of function mutationmicrobiotanovelnovel strategiesperipheral bloodpreventprogramsreceptorresiliencesuccesstranscription factor
中文摘要
项目总结/摘要。 CD 4+调节性T细胞(Treg细胞)是免疫调节系统中的少数群体。
淋巴细胞遍布全身。 Treg细胞的主要特征是表达
转录因子Foxp 3,并在整个生命过程中预防自身免疫是必不可少的。 因为他们的
抑制促炎细胞活性的能力,以及最近成功治疗人类疾病,Treg
细胞可以潜在地有效治疗炎症性肠病(IBD)。 一些限制
Treg细胞的临床应用包括难以获得足够数量的细胞,不能引导细胞增殖,
在炎症条件下,一些Treg细胞的不稳定性。后者
尤其是体外诱导分化的Treg细胞(iTreg细胞),其可以通过刺激幼稚的
前体在转化生长因子β(TGFβ)、白细胞介素-β 2(IL-β 2)和视黄酸的存在下。
这种方法将允许产生比可以分离和扩增的Treg细胞数量更大的Treg细胞
从外周血中分离出来 此外,这些细胞可以被工程化以表达肠道抗原特异性受体,
最终会引导它们到达发炎的肠道这意味着唯一的主要障碍是
充分证明的iTreg细胞的不稳定性。 因此,找到克服这一限制的方法,
iTreg细胞的治疗用途。 解决这一问题的一种方法是首先确定Treg细胞的稳定性如何
并将这些机制应用于iTreg细胞的产生。 我们发现,在
缺乏通过诱导型T细胞共刺激因子(ICOS)及其配体相互作用的T细胞共刺激
(ICOS配体,ICOSL),大肠中的Treg细胞-所有这些都在体内天然发育-大肠杆菌素表达
关于Foxp 3即使在健康的情况下,肠道也被认为处于“生理性炎症”状态,这是由于
通过与肠道微生物群的相互作用诱导的促炎介质的基础水平。因此,我们认为,
本项目将检验ICOSL-ECOICOS刺激对表型印迹至关重要的假设。
在促炎信号存在下促进Foxp 3 + Treg细胞恢复的稳定性。重要的是我们
还发现在不存在ICOSL的情况下分化的iTreg细胞迅速消除Foxp 3的表达,
这与他们的ICOSL激活的对应物形成鲜明对比。 本建议的第一个目标是确定
ICOSL缺陷对体内来源的Treg细胞命运的可能后果,提供了新的见解
自然界使用这种途径促进Foxp 3在肠道中的持续表达。 然后我们将
测试是否包括一个强大的APC-100衍生的ICOSL信号是一种有效的手段,诱导稳定的
微生物群抗原特异性iTreg细胞可以特异性地阻止正在进行的肠道炎症。 最终这
这项研究有可能使我们更接近有效的iTreg细胞介导的IBD免疫疗法。
英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT. CD4+ T regulatory cells (Treg cells) are a minor population of
lymphocytes found throughout the body. Treg cells are primarily characterized by expression of the
transcription factor Foxp3 and are essential for preventing autoimmunity throughout life. Because of their
ability to suppress the activity of pro-inflammatory cells, and recent success treating human diseases, Treg
cells can potentially be effective in treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Some of the obstacles limiting
the clinical use of Treg cells include difficulties obtaining a sufficient number of cells, the inability to direct the
cells to the site of inflammation, and the instability of some Treg cells under inflammatory conditions. The latter
is especially true of in vitro-differentiated Treg cells (iTreg cells) that can be generated by stimulation of naïve
precursors in the presence of transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and retinoic acid.
This approach will allow for the generation of larger numbers of Treg cells than can be isolated and expanded
from peripheral blood. Moreover, such cells can be engineered to express gut antigen-specific receptors that
will ultimately guide them to the inflamed intestines. This means that the only major hurdle that would remain is
the well-documented instability of iTreg cells. Finding ways to overcome this limitation could therefore hasten
the therapeutic use of iTreg cells. One way to address this is to first determine how Treg cell stability is
achieved in nature and apply those mechanisms to the generation of iTreg cells. We have found that in the
absence of T cell so-stimulation via the interaction of the inducible T cell co-stimulator (ICOS) and its ligand
(ICOS ligand, ICOSL), Treg cells in the large intestine - all of which develop naturally in vivo - lose expression
of Foxp3. Even in health, the intestine is considered to be in a state of ‘physiologic inflammation’ owing to the
basal levels of pro-inflammatory mediators induced via interactions with the commensal microbiota. Therefore,
this project will test the hypothesis that ICOSL-ICOS stimulation is essential for imprinting the phenotypic
stability that promotes Foxp3+ Treg cell resilience in the presence of pro-inflammatory signals. Importantly, we
have also found that iTreg cells differentiated in the absence of ICOSL rapidly extinguish expression of Foxp3,
in stark contrast to their ICOSL-activated counterparts. The first objective of this proposal is to determine the
possible consequences of ICOSL deficiency on the fate of in vivo derived Treg cells, providing novel insight
into nature’s use of this pathway for promoting sustained expression of Foxp3 in the intestines. We will then
test whether inclusion of a robust APC-derived ICOSL signal is an effective means of inducing stable
microbiota antigen-specific iTreg cells that can specifically impede ongoing gut inflammation. Ultimately, this
study has the potential to move us one step closer to effective iTreg cell-mediated immunotherapy for IBD.
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会议论文
Immune Interactions with the Mucus-Associated Microbiota
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批准号:10649733
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$46.3万
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财政年份:2021
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负责人:Craig L Maynard
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依托单位:
Immune Interactions with the Mucus-Associated Microbiota
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批准号:10276261
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$45.85万
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财政年份:2021
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负责人:Craig L Maynard
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依托单位:
Immune Interactions with the Mucus-Associated Microbiota
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批准号:10449366
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$46.99万
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财政年份:2021
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负责人:Craig L Maynard
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依托单位:
海外基金