C. elegans gastrulation: A model for understanding apical constriction mechanisms

线虫原肠胚形成：了解顶端收缩机制的模型

• 批准号: 10077566
• 负责人: ROBERT P GOLDSTEIN
• 金额: $ 37.74万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10077566
• 关键词: Address; Anencephaly and spina bifida X linked; Animals; Apical; Basic Science; Biological; Biological Models; Caenorhabditis elegans; Cell Shape; Cells; Cellular biology; Complex; Congenital Abnormality; Development; Developmental Biology; Diagnosis; Event; Foundations; Future; Goals; Hospital Costs; Investigation; Laboratories; Modeling; Molecular; Morphogenesis; Motor Activity; Nematoda; Neural Tube Closure; Neural Tube Defects; Neural tube; Patients; Pattern; Prevention; Research; Series; Shapes; Vertebrates; Work; constriction; cost; gastrulation; improved; in vivo; innovation; insight; motor control; novel; polarized cell; tool

Apical constriction is a change in cell shape that drives critical morphogenetic events, including gastrulation and branching morphogenesis in diverse animals and neural tube formation in vertebrates. Although apical constriction was recognized more than a century ago, fundamental questions about mechanisms of apical constriction remain unanswered. Research in this laboratory focuses on understanding how cells accomplish this fundamental change in shape. Apical constriction is being studied to uncover insights into how animals are shaped, and to contribute to a foundation of basic science leading to improved diagnosis and prevention of neural tube defects. This proposal will support a series of projects to answer how the molecules that contribute to apical constriction generate and transmit the forces that change cell shapes, what triggers changes in cell shape, how developmental patterning mechanisms deploy cell biological players with the necessary spatial and temporal precision, and to identify and understand novel mechanisms that make important contributions to apical constriction. The laboratory has developed several key technical innovations to address critical barriers to progress in this field, and the proposed projects build on the lab's strength in dissecting cell biological mechanisms of development more generally. Study of apical constriction intersects with some of the major themes in cell and developmental biology including cell polarization, control of motor activity, and dynamic control of forces, in a complex in vivo context. The proposed projects seek to combine in a single model system the tools that are valuable to different model systems, plus the new tools that the lab has developed, to produce unique and sustained contributions to unraveling mechanisms that are relevant to critical morphogenetic events.

顶端收缩是细胞形状的变化，它驱动着关键的形态发生事件，包括原肠胚形成 以及各种动物的分支形态发生和脊椎动物的神经管形成。虽然顶端 一个多世纪前，人们就认识到了收缩， 压迫仍然没有得到解决。该实验室的研究重点是了解细胞如何完成 这种形状上的根本变化。研究心尖收缩是为了揭示动物是如何 形成，并有助于基础科学的基础，从而改善诊断和预防 神经管缺陷这项提案将支持一系列项目，以回答如何贡献的分子， 顶端收缩产生并传递改变细胞形状的力， 形状，发育模式化机制如何利用必要的空间 和时间精度，并确定和理解新的机制，作出重要贡献， 顶端缢痕该实验室开发了几项关键技术创新，以解决关键障碍 在这一领域取得进展，拟议的项目建立在实验室在解剖细胞生物学方面的优势之上。 发展机制更普遍。研究顶端缢痕与一些主要的 细胞和发育生物学的主题，包括细胞极化，运动活动的控制和动态 力的控制，在复杂的体内环境中。拟议的项目寻求将联合收割机结合成一个单一的模式 系统对不同模型系统有价值的工具，加上实验室开发的新工具， 为解开与关键问题有关的机制作出独特和持续的贡献。 形态发生事件