Impact of mitochondrial structure on cellular homeostasis and hepatic injury

摘要： 在细胞系统中，线粒体形成了一个错综复杂的相互连接的线粒体网络 不同的形状和大小。线粒体与其他细胞器紧密接触。 它们对维持线粒体的完整性和功能是必不可少的。新兴 有证据表明线粒体结构和过程的复杂性涉及到 维持细胞内有功能的线粒体池。线粒体的结构是 受各种病理生理信号的调节，如营养可获得性，激素调节， 以及调节细胞内钙离子(CCa2)动态的胁迫条件。动态感 钙离子浓度的变化通过对钙离子敏感的线粒体外信号调节线粒体形状 膜锚定的EF-Hand含有蛋白Miro1。这种现象被称为 线粒体形态转换(MIST)不依赖于MIRO1‘S在线粒体转运中的作用 和Drp1诱导的线粒体分裂。尽管钙信号微调线粒体 生物能量输出和钙离子浓度的持续升高导致线粒体钙离子过量 线粒体通透性转换孔开放的先决条件--摄取 (MPTP)、线粒体肿胀、质膜破裂和坏死细胞死亡。初步 数据表明，作为对雾气的反应，内质网(ER)-线粒体拴系 这可能是MPTP开放和有丝分裂反应所必需的。在……里面 对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤(IRI)的反应，MPTP开放导致 肝坏死和随后的器官衰竭。线粒体的完整性对肝脏至关重要 IRI后的功能和生存。然而，潜在的分子机制导致了 线粒体完整性的维持在很大程度上是未知的。因此，我们将机械性地 研究MST、MPTP和吞丝分裂之间的联系，特别强调MST、MPTP和有丝分裂之间的作用 Miro1在MPTP的形成、丝裂原吞噬的启动和诱导坏死中的作用 肝脏IRI。项目大纲将有助于发展基本技能和专门知识 需要开发PI的独立研究计划，重点是线粒体生物学 肝脏系统。

Abstract: In the cellular system, mitochondria form an intricate network of interconnected mitochondrion of different shapes and sizes. The mitochondrion forms close contact with other cellular organelles which are essential in maintaining the mitochondrial integrity as well as the functions. Emerging evidence suggests the complexity of the mitochondrial architecture and processes involved in the maintenance of functional mitochondrial pool in the cell. The mitochondrial architecture is regulated by various pathophysiological signals like nutrient availability, hormonal regulation, and stress conditions which regulates cytosolic calcium (cCa2+) dynamics as well. The dynamic changes in the cCa2+ regulate mitochondrial shape through a Ca2+-sensing mitochondrial outer membrane-anchored EF-hand containing protein Miro1. This phenomenon termed as the mitochondrial shape transition (MiST) is independent of Miro1's role in mitochondrial trafficking and Drp1-induced mitochondrial fission. Although Ca2+ signals fine-tune the mitochondrial bioenergetic output, and sustained elevation of cCa2+ drives excessive mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake which is a prerequisite for the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), mitochondrial swelling, plasma membrane rupture, and necrotic cell death. Preliminary data suggest that in response to MiST, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondrial tethering is increased which may be essential for both MPTP opening and the mitophagic response. In response to hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), MPTP opening leads to the onset of hepatic necrosis and subsequent organ failure. Mitochondrial integrity is crucial for hepatic function and survival after IRI. However, the underlying molecular mechanism for the maintenance of mitochondrial integrity is largely unidentified. Therefore,we will mechanistically examinethe link betweenMiST, MPTP, and mitophagy with a particular emphasis on the role of Miro1 in MPTP formation, initiation of mitophagy, and induction of necrosis in response to the hepatic IRI. The project outline will enable the development of essential skills and expertise needed to develop PI's independent research program focusing on the mitochondrial biology in the hepatic system.