Public Policies, Community Conditions, and Child Abuse and Neglect: National and Statewide Data Analyses and Literature Reviews

项目摘要 本研究的目的是了解社区条件与公共政策之间的关系 虐待和忽视儿童（CAN）报告率。解决这一领域的重要知识差距将为 努力预防。 拟议的研究有两个具体目标。第一个目的是研究社区之间的联系 条件和CAN报告速率。本研究将首次探讨社区层面的关系， 食品不安全、儿童保育可用性、医疗/心理/行为健康服务可用性和家访 使用美国国家和伊利诺伊州全州数据提供CAN报告率的计划。其他已知社区 风险因素（例如，贫困率），以及儿童人口统计数据的潜在变化（即， 种族/民族，年龄和性别），农村/城市地位，以及CAN亚型首次在国家和州 数据第二个目的是审查现有文献，以揭示政策对社区状况的影响 并通过这些策略的变化来预测CAN报告率的变化。为此，研究将进行一项 影响社区条件的联邦和州政策的文献综述， 目标1分析中的CAN报告率。接下来，本研究将利用蒙特卡罗方法估计 政策对社区条件（政策→社区）介导的CAN报告率的影响 条件→ CAN报告率），基于文献综述（政策→社区）的效应量 条件）和目标1的估计值（社区条件→ CAN报告率）。 为了实现这些目标，Hyunil Kim博士将接受培训，以提高以下方面的专业知识：（1）建立 社区条件：（2）获取、链接和管理数据：（3）分析纵向和多层次数据; (4)将研究成果转化为政策含义;（5）撰写研究赠款和传播研究成果 调查结果。Kim博士将在克雷格博士的指导下完成培训和研究活动 刚德森和莉莉安温莎。 拟议的研究将解决NCIPC研究重点中的重要知识差距， 防止CAN。培训和研究活动将使金博士成为一名独立的调查员 谁可以进行R 01/03研究，提供有用的证据，以减少在人口水平的CAN率。

PROJECT SUMMARY The goal of the proposed study is to understand the relationships of community conditions and public policies with child abuse and neglect (CAN) report rates. Addressing important knowledge gaps in this area will inform efforts to prevent CAN. The proposed study has two specific aims. The first aim is to examine the associations between community conditions and CAN report rates. This study will examine, for the first time, the relationships of community-level food insecurity, child care availability, medical/mental/behavioral health service availability, and home visiting program provision with CAN report rates using US national and Illinois statewide data. Other known community risk factors (e.g., poverty rate) will also be examined, as well as potential variation by child demographics (i.e., race/ethnicity, age, and sex), rural/urban status, and CAN subtype for the first time in the national and state data. The second aim is to review existing literature to uncover the impact of policies on community conditions and predict changes in CAN report rates by changes in these policies. To that end, the study will undertake a literature review of federal and state policies influencing community conditions that have a strong relationship with the CAN report rates in the Aim 1 analyses. Next, the study will utilize the Monte Carlo method to estimate the impact of policies on CAN report rates as mediated by community conditions (policy → community condition → CAN report rate) based on the effect sizes from the literature review (policy → community condition) and the estimates from Aim 1 (community condition → CAN report rate). To pursue these aims, Dr. Hyunil Kim will receive training to enhance expertise in (1) establishing indicators of community conditions; (2) obtaining, linking, and managing data; (3) analyzing longitudinal and multilevel data; (4) translating research findings into policy implications; and (5) writing grants and disseminating research findings. Dr. Kim will complete the training and research activities under the mentorship of Drs. Craig Gundersen and Liliane Windsor. The proposed study will address important knowledge gaps in the NCIPC’s research priorities aimed at preventing CAN. The training and research activities will allow Dr. Kim to become an independent investigator who can conduct R01/03 research that provides evidence useful to reducing CAN rates at the population level.