Understanding the role of dysregulation in positive affect in developmental psychopathology.

项目总结 情绪调节障碍是跨诊断的，是大多数情感和破坏性行为障碍的组成部分，而且 与从健康到学术的各个领域的功能受损有关。失调症的研究进展 负面情绪，或易怒，使人们更好地理解了它是如何预测以后的损害和 一般精神病理学，并确定了神经相关因素。然而，人们对此的关注较少。 积极情绪的失调，尽管最近的证据表明它有助于 精神病理学，特别是外在症状，以及从一般领域到社会领域的损害 功能正常。失控的积极情绪可能不仅会带来独立的风险，而且很可能会有单独的 潜在的神经关联，因为积极的和消极的情绪价值系统是不同的领域在 研究领域标准。而冲动性，衡量高度积极情绪的气质指标，一直是 与婴幼儿攻击性和外在症状的增加有关，这与 积极情绪或兴奋性的临床失调尚不清楚。此外，突发事件之间的关系 而与精神病理和损伤有关的兴奋性在幼儿中基本上还没有研究过。这 Proposal通过研究以下方面的重叠和可分离贡献来解决理解上的差距 冲动性(标准的高积极情绪)、兴奋性(临床相关的失调的积极情绪)，以及 易怒(临床相关的失调性负性情绪)对精神病理症状和精神损害的影响 学龄儿童。此外，这项提案将评估大脑行为的重叠和区别 积极情感和消极情感中的调节失调之间的关系。具体来说，100名7-10岁的儿童 丰富的情绪调节障碍将通过研究、诊断访谈和父母和自我评估 在基线和一年后报告情绪和一般功能的测量。在基线上，孩子们将 在情绪反应和调节任务中进行功能磁共振扫描。与NIMH战略保持一致 制定计划，特别是战略目标2，“绘制精神疾病的轨迹图，以确定何时、何地和如何 为了进行干预，“了解冲动性、兴奋性和易激性对危险轨迹的可分离贡献 阐明这类疾病的神经关联可以为早期识别和治疗提供有意义的靶点。 对多发性疾病的干预。在不同的情绪调节和专家团队的指导下 发展心理学和精神病理学，以及纵向和统计方法论， 通过这项计划提供的培训将有助于申请人获得用于研究的功能磁共振方法方面的专门知识。 情感加工，发展心理病理学的维度结构，以及纵向设计和 分析。该培训将为申请者的长期目标提供基础组成部分 了解情绪失调的神经和行为发展，特别是兴奋性，以告知 在严重损害之前，及早识别和干预以改善情绪调节。

PROJECT SUMMARY Emotion dysregulation is transdiagnostic, integral to most affective and disruptive behavior disorders, and is associated with impaired functioning across domains from health to academics. The study of dysregulation of negative affect, or irritability, has resulted in a better understanding of how it predicts later impairment and general psychopathology and has identified neural correlates. However, there has been less focus on dysregulation of positive affect, despite recent evidence suggesting it contributes to the development of psychopathology, particularly externalizing symptoms, and impairment across domains from general to social functioning. Dysregulated positive affect may not only confer independent risk, but is likely to have separate underlying neural correlates, as positive and negative emotional valence systems are different domains in the Research Domains Criteria. While surgency, the temperamental measure of high positive affect, has been related to increased aggression and externalizing symptoms in infants and young children, how this relates to clinical dysregulation of positive affect, or excitability, is unknown. Moreover, the relationships between surgency and excitability with psychopathology and impairment have been largely unstudied in young children. This proposal addresses these gaps in understanding by studying the overlapping and separable contributions of surgency (normative high positive affect), excitability (clinically related dysregulated positive affect), and irritability (clinically related dysregulated negative affect) to symptoms of psychopathology and impairment in school age children. Additionally, this proposal will assess the overlap and distinctions in brain-behavior relationships between dysregulation in positive and negative affect. Specifically, 100 7-10-year-old children enriched for emotion dysregulation will be assessed using a research diagnostic interview and parent and self- report measures of emotional and general functioning at baseline and after one year. At baseline, children will undergo functional MRI scans during emotion response and regulation tasks. Consistent with the NIMH Strategic plan, particularly Strategy Objective 2, to “chart mental illness trajectories to determine when, where, and how to intervene,” understanding the separable contributions of surgency, excitability, and irritability to risk trajectories and elucidating the neural correlates of such can provide meaningful targets for early identification and intervention in multiple disorders. Under the mentorship of a diverse team of experts in emotion regulation and development, developmental psychology and psychopathology, and longitudinal and statistical methodology, the training provided through this proposal will facilitate the applicant gaining expertise in fMRI methods for studying affective processing, dimensional constructs in developmental psychopathology, and longitudinal design and analysis. This training will provide the foundational components of the applicant's long-term goals of understanding the neural and behavioral development of emotion dysregulation, specifically excitability, to inform early identification and interventions for improving emotion regulation prior to significant impairment.