Gut microbiome and blood indices in patients with AD and their spousal caregivers

阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者存在肠道生态失调。短链脂肪酸 （SCFAs）是肠道微生物组的产物。其中，乙酸和戊酸被发现 与淀粉样蛋白PET检测到的Aβ斑块负荷呈正相关， 没有AD。然而，AD患者血液中SCFAs的水平尚未被证实。 定义了此外，血液中的炎症和神经病理学指标的有用性， AD患者认知障碍的生物标志物是难以捉摸的。重要的是，配偶 痴呆症患者的照顾者在以后的生活中患痴呆症的风险高于 那些配偶没有痴呆症的人。配偶看护者有一个加速的 认知能力下降这些现象的机制尚不清楚。我们假设 AD患者的配偶照顾者的肠道微生物组和血液SCFA水平相似 对于AD患者，这些配偶的炎性细胞因子增加， 血液中AD样神经病理学的指标，以及 AD患者及其配偶和年龄的认知和血液中的各种指标， 匹配的对照。为了解决这些假设，我们将招募三组参与者： AD患者，他们的配偶照顾者和年龄匹配的对照组， 照顾者他们的肠道微生物组和神经炎症和神经病理学指数， 血液将被确定。他们的认知将被评估。用肠道矫正认知 将分析血液中的微生物组属或指数。我们的研究可能首先代表了 一项研究，以确定肠道微生物组和SCFAs是否可能在认知中发挥作用， AD患者的配偶照顾者受损。这些研究还可以确定 在这些照顾者和AD患者中的认知障碍生物标志物。这些发现 可能最终有助于AD患者的护理，并减少配偶的认知能力下降。 AD患者的护理人员。

Patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have gut dysbiosis. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are products of gut microbiome. Among them, Acetate and valeric acid were found to be positively correlated with the Aβ plaque load detected by amyloid PET in participants with or without AD. However, the levels of SCFAs in the blood of patients with AD have not been defined. Also, the usefulness of indices of inflammation and neuropathology in the blood as biomarkers for cognitive impairment in patients with AD is elusive. Importantly, spousal caregivers of patients with dementia have a higher risk of developing dementia later in life than those whose spouses do not have dementia. The spousal caregivers have an accelerated cognitive decline. The mechanisms for these phenomena are not known. We hypothesize that spousal caregivers of patients with AD have gut microbiome and levels of blood SCFAs similar to those of patients with AD, that these spouses have increased inflammatory cytokines and indices of AD-like neuropathology in the blood, and that there is a correlation between the cognition and various indices in the blood among patients with AD, their spouses and age- matched controls. To address these hypotheses, we will recruit three groups of participants: patients with AD, their spousal caregivers and controls that are age-matched with the caregivers. Their gut microbiome and indices of neuroinflammation and neuropathology in the blood will be determined. Their cognition will be assessed. The correction of cognition with gut microbiome genera or indices in the blood will be analyzed. Our studies may represent first study to determine whether gut microbiome and SCFAs may play a role in the cognitive impairment in the spousal caregivers of patients with AD. These studies may also identify biomarkers for cognitive impairment in these caregivers and patients with AD. These findings may ultimately help the care of patients with AD and reduce the cognitive declines in spousal caregivers of patients with AD.