Impact of malaria vector diversity on intervention strategies

疟疾病媒多样性对干预策略的影响

• 批准号: 10264063
• 负责人: Robert Sean McCann
• 金额: $ 13.36万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-18 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10264063
• 关键词: Address; Africa; Anopheles Genus; Anopheles gambiae; Area; Beds; Bioinformatics; Biological; Biological Assay; Biology; Blood; Computing Methodologies; Country; Culicidae; Data; Development; Development Plans; Diagnosis; Eastern Africa; Ecology; Effectiveness; Effectiveness of Interventions; Environment; Evaluation; Exhibits; Faculty; Genes; Genetic; Genome; Genomics; Geography; Goals; Infection; Insecticide Resistance; Insecticides; International; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Literature; Location; Malaria; Malawi; Maryland; Measures; Membrane; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Oocysts; Parasites; Pattern; Plasmodium falciparum; Policies; Population; Population Genetics; Predisposition; Prevalence; Principal Investigator; Research; Research Personnel; Resistance profile; Rest; Sampling; Science; South Africa; Southern Africa; Structure; Training; Universities; Use Effectiveness; Variant; Vector Ecology; base; bioinformatics tool; career development; effective therapy; feeding; global health; improved; infectious disease model; interdisciplinary collaboration; malaria transmission; medical schools; migration; multidisciplinary; preference; programs; resistance mechanism; response; skills; therapy design; tool; transmission process; vector; vector competence; vector control

PROJECT SUMMARY The burden of malaria in Malawi is among the highest in the world despite increasing coverage of standard interventions over the last two decades. One factor that contributes to continued parasite transmission is the diversity of malaria vectors, yet important aspects of this diversity remain poorly characterized. The Principal Investigator, Dr. Robert McCann, is a vector biologist in the Malaria Research Program at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. He will use a combination of field and laboratory data together with advanced computational methods to address these gaps through three specific aims. Aim 1 will characterize vector competence in Anopheles funestus and Anopheles arabiensis, the two dominant malaria vector species in Malawi, using experimental membrane feeding assays with field-collected An. funestus and An. arabiensis. Aim 2 will assess the impact of species-level variation in vector competence on malaria intervention effectiveness using an agent-based stochastic model to compare malaria intervention effectiveness under scenarios with a range of variation in mosquito susceptibility to P. falciparum infection. Aim 3 will determine the relationship between geographic proximity and genetic relatedness for malaria vectors in Africa using geospatially informed bioinformatics tools to estimate migration patterns of malaria vectors. The results from these studies will improve our understanding of the persistence of malaria parasite transmission. Dr. McCann’s goal is to become an independent investigator in vector ecology, while maintaining the strong interdisciplinary collaborations necessary to make advancements in malaria intervention design, implementation, and evaluation. Towards this goal, he proposes a comprehensive career development plan that will enhance his existing skills in malaria vector ecology while providing mentored training in 1) experimental infection assays, 2) agent-based infectious disease modeling, 3) spatially explicit genetic and genomic analyses, and 4) professional development with a special focus on leading international research. Dr. McCann has assembled a highly accomplished and multidisciplinary team of mentors and collaborators with unique areas of expertise including global health research, malaria transmission, vector biology, genomics and bioinformatics, population genetics, infectious disease modeling and geospatial science. His mentors also have a track record of successfully mentoring trainees and junior faculty and strong connections with malaria policy stakeholders. The University of Maryland School of Medicine and The Malaria Alert Center in Malawi will together provide the ideal environment for Dr. McCann to establish a research niche addressing critical gaps in knowledge about malaria vector biology that will lead to improved malaria control in Malawi and other malaria-endemic countries.

项目概要 尽管标准覆盖率不断增加，但马拉维的疟疾负担仍然是世界上最严重的国家之一 过去二十年的干预措施。导致寄生虫持续传播的因素之一是 疟疾病媒的多样性，但这种多样性的重要方面仍然知之甚少。校长 研究员 Robert McCann 博士是马里兰大学疟疾研究项目的媒介生物学家 马里兰医学院。他将结合现场和实验室数据以及先进的技术 通过三个具体目标来解决这些差距的计算方法。目标 1 将表征向量 非洲按蚊和阿拉伯按蚊这两种主要疟疾媒介物种的能力 马拉维，使用现场采集的按蚊进行实验性膜喂养测定。 funestus 和 An.阿拉伯。目的 2 将评估媒介能力的物种水平差异对疟疾干预效果的影响 使用基于主体的随机模型来比较不同情景下的疟疾干预效果 蚊子对恶性疟原虫感染的易感性变化范围。目标 3 将确定关系 利用地理空间信息研究非洲疟疾病媒的地理邻近性和遗传相关性 估计疟疾病媒迁移模式的生物信息学工具。这些研究的结果将会改善 我们对疟原虫传播持续存在的理解。 麦肯博士的目标是成为媒介生态学的独立研究者，同时保持 强有力的跨学科合作是推动疟疾干预设计取得进展所必需的， 实施、评估。为了实现这一目标，他提出了一个全面的职业发展计划： 将增强他在疟疾媒介生态学方面的现有技能，同时提供 1) 实验方面的指导培训 感染分析，2) 基于媒介的传染病模型，3) 空间明确的遗传和基因组分析， 4) 专业发展，特别关注领先的国际研究。 麦肯博士组建了一支卓有成就的多学科团队，由导师和 具有独特专业领域的合作者，包括全球卫生研究、疟疾传播、媒介 生物学、基因组学和生物信息学、群体遗传学、传染病模型和地理空间科学。 他的导师也拥有成功指导学员和初级教师的记录以及强大的人脉关系 与疟疾政策利益攸关方合作。马里兰大学医学院和疟疾警报中心 马拉维将共同为麦肯博士建立一个研究利基提供理想的环境 关于疟疾媒介生物学知识的重大差距将导致马拉维和其他国家的疟疾控制得到改善 其他疟疾流行国家。