MECHANISMS OF COLOR DETECTION, INDUCTION AND ADAPTATION

本项目的目的是研究适应机制和更高水平 建立在已建立的知识基础上的视觉系统中的相互作用 关于人类色觉的早期机制。试验性和 理论工作分五个不同类别提出： (1)对手颜色信号之间的相互作用随时间变化 对相关刺激的适应。一种联想的动态模型 适应将基于测量 相互作用的大小和变化率作为程度的函数 相互关联的刺激。 (2)两个对立颜色系统的自适应行为可以是 从赛前和赛后静态和适应性的角度进行解释 机械装置。这些机制的位置和时间特性 将通过沿着理论上定义的线处理颜色来进行研究 以比先前研究的更高的强度。 (3)视觉系统包括发出信号指示 颜色的变化。颜色对之间的辨别阈值 围绕等亮度颜色圆的调制具有多个不同的 比率将被用来研究颜色和时间的方式 信号被组合。 (4)测试颜色的外观受周围颜色的影响。 圆对称辐射诱导效应的实验研究 将使用切线变化的正弦环绕来构建模型 颜色机制中的横向相互作用。这款车型将 结合加权空间集成、时滞和空间 非线性相互作用。 (5)在视觉记忆中，颜色信息比亮度信息更有用 信息。实验将识别信息类型，即 对每种颜色机制和可能干扰的因素记忆最深 有了这些信息的存储。 预计本项目中确定的视觉机制由 心理物理实验将提供对神经功能的洞察 以及电生理学研究指南。

The aim of this project is to study adaptive mechanisms and higher level interactions in the visual system by building on established knowledge about the early mechanisms of human color vision. Experimental and theoretical work is proposed in five different categories: (1) The interaction between opponent color signal changes as an adaptation to correlated stimulation. A dynamic model of associative adaptation will be based on the results of experiments that measure the magnitude and rate of change in interactions as a function of the degree of correlated stimulation. (2) The adaptive behavior of the two opponent color systems can be explained in terms of pre- and post-opponent static and adaptive mechanisms. The location and temporal properties of these mechanisms will be studied by manipulating colors along theoretically defined lines at higher intensities than studied previously. (3) The visual system includes mechanisms that signal the direction of change in colors. Discrimination thresholds between pairs of color modulations around an equiluminant color circle at a number of different rates will be used to study the manner in which color and temporal signals are combined. (4) The appearance of test colors is influenced by surrounding colors. Experiments on the induced effect of circularly symmetric and tangentially varying sinusoidal surrounds will be used to build a model of the lateral interactions within color mechanisms. This model will incorporate weighted spatial integration, time-lags, and spatially nonlinear interactions. (5) In visual memory, chromatic information is more useful than luminance information. Experiments will identify the type of information that is remembered best by each color mechanism and factors that can interfere with the storage of this information. It is expected that the visual mechanisms identified in this project by psychophysical experiments will provide insights into neural functions and a guide for electrophysiological studies.