MOLECULAR STUDY OF INSECT VECTOR ANTIHEMOSTATIC FACTORS

昆虫载体抗止血因子的分子研究

• 批准号: 2071368
• 负责人: DONALD EDMOND CHAMPAGNE
• 金额: $ 10.28万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-06-01 至 1999-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2071368
• 关键词: Aedes; Insecta; arthropod borne communicable disease; binding proteins; complementary DNA; disease vectors; eating; enzyme activity; female; gene expression; genetic library; genetic regulation; hemostatics; host organism interaction; molecular cloning; northern blottings; nucleic acid probes; nucleic acid sequence; platelet aggregation inhibitors; polymerase chain reaction; protein structure function; saliva; site directed mutagenesis; vasodilators

In the course of feeding from vertebrates, blood feeding insects encounter components of their host's hemostatic responses, especially vasoconstriction and formation of a platelet plug. Consequently, hematophagous insects have salivary components with platelet antiaggregating activity (apyrase), and many produce salivary vasodilators. These components may also influence the course of parasite establishment by modifying the host immune response at the feeding site. Despite their importance, little is known of the molecular biology of these substances. I propose to compare, at the molecular level, apyrase and vasodilatory agents in two insects that have independently evolved blood feeding, and are significant disease vectors: the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti and the triatomine bug Rhodnius prolixus. Specifically, the project involves: (1) isolating and sequencing cDNA clones for the preprotachykinin, which is processed to release vasodilatory tachykinins in Ae. aegypti. (2) isolating and sequencing cDNA clones for three NO.binding heme proteins, which function as vasodilators in A. prolixus. (3) isolating and sequencing cDNA clones for the Rhodnius apyrase, for comparison with the Aedes apyrase; (4) using these clones as probes to study regulation of the apyrase and vasodilators in both insects; (5) using the heme protein clones to produce recombinant wild-type and site-specific mutant proteins, to study the structure/function relationships and biophysics of reversible NO binding; and (6) isolating and sequencing genomic clones which include the Rhodnius heme protein genes, to study gene organization and regulation of this functionally unique group of proteins. Ultimately, this research will permit a more detailed knowledge of the biochemical and pharmacological events associated with the earliest stages of parasite transmission by blood-feeding insects. Comparison of two species, which have independently evolved blood feeding, will point to congruencies which may be common to a variety of vector insects.

在以脊椎动物为食的过程中，吸血昆虫会遇到 宿主止血反应的组成部分，尤其是 血管收缩和血小板栓塞的形成。最后， 食血昆虫的唾液成分含有血小板 抗聚集活性（腺苷三磷酸双磷酸酶），许多产生唾液 血管扩张剂。这些成分也可能影响寄生虫的进程 通过改变进食地点的宿主免疫反应来建立。 尽管它们很重要，但人们对它们的分子生物学知之甚少。 这些物质。 我建议在分子水平上比较腺苷三磷酸双磷酸酶和血管舒张剂 两种独立进化出吸血昆虫的媒介，以及 是重要的疾病媒介：黄热病蚊子埃及伊蚊 和锥蝽虫Rhodnius prolixus。具体来说，该项目 涉及： (1) 分离并测序前原速激肽的 cDNA 克隆， 在AE中被加工以释放血管舒张速激肽。埃及伊蚊。 (2) 三个NO.结合血红素的cDNA克隆的分离和测序 蛋白质，在 A. prolixus 中起到血管扩张剂的作用。 (3) 分离并测序Rhodnius apyrase的cDNA克隆，用于 与伊蚊腺苷三磷酸双磷酸酶的比较； (4) 使用这些克隆作为探针来研究腺苷三磷酸双磷酸酶的调节 两种昆虫的血管扩张剂； (5)利用血红素蛋白克隆产生重组野生型和 位点特异性突变蛋白，用于研究结构/功能 可逆NO结合的关系和生物物理学；和 (6) 包括Rhodnius在内的基因组克隆的分离和测序 血红素蛋白基因，研究其基因组织和调控 功能独特的蛋白质组。 最终，这项研究将使人们更详细地了解 与最早阶段相关的生化和药理学事件 食血昆虫传播寄生虫。两者比较 独立进化出吸血的物种将指出 多种媒介昆虫可能共有的一致性。