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Mobile Elements in Mammalian Genomes

哺乳动物基因组中的移动元素

基本信息

批准号：
7748763
负责人：
SANDRA L MARTIN
金额：
$ 0.8万
依托单位：
FEDERATION OF AMER SOC FOR EXPER BIOLOGY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-07-02 至 2010-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION: (provided by applicant): Partial support is requested for the third FASEB Summer Conference, "Mobile Elements in Mammalian Genomes" which will be held in Snowmass, CO, July 5-10, 2009. The objective of the meeting is to bring together a diverse group of investigators with a common interest in mobile DNA to discuss recent advances in how mobile elements have impacted and continue to influence the functional expression and evolution of mammalian genomes. The program comprises all aspects of mobile DNA including bioinformatics, biochemical, evolutionary, and population genetic studies on mammalian transposable elements, as well as work to exploit transposable elements for saturation mutagenesis and gene delivery. Comparative genomics provides strong evidence for mobile DNA amplification, repression and extinction in evolutionary time. Recently, detailed studies of the small inhibitory RNA pathway have provided strong evidence for derepression of mobile DNA in mutants of this pathway; the emerging interface of these two fields will be represented by a new session at this meeting. There will also be increased representation of studies that define a variety of roles for sequences derived from transposable elements in genome architecture and function. This timely conference will facilitate the sharing of exciting new findings, experimental challenges, and outstanding questions in this rapidly evolving field among students, post-doctoral trainees, and junior and senior principal investigators. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Mobile DNA has played, and continues to play a major role in shaping the structure and function of the mammalian genome. Retrotransposition deposits new copies of mobile DNA throughout the genome which can lead to gene disruption, modified expression of adjacent genes, and transduction of neighboring DNA; at the DNA level the resulting interspersed repeated sequences may give rise to novel regulatory networks, or provide a substrate for homologous recombination of mispaired sequences, leading to gene duplication, deletion, exon shuffling and chromosome translocation. Any one of the dynamic events caused by the presence and movement of mobile DNA in the human genome may lead to disease, including meiotic failure and infertility, inherited genetic diseases such as hemophilia and muscular dystrophy, and somatic diseases such as breast and colon cancer.

产品说明：（申请人提供）：部分支持是为第三届FASEB夏季会议，“移动的元素在哺乳动物基因组”，这将在斯诺马斯，CO，2009年7月5日至10日举行的要求。会议的目的是汇集一组不同的研究人员在移动的DNA的共同利益，讨论移动的元素如何影响，并继续影响哺乳动物基因组的功能表达和进化的最新进展。该计划包括移动的DNA的所有方面，包括生物信息学，生物化学，进化和哺乳动物转座因子的群体遗传学研究，以及利用转座因子进行饱和诱变和基因传递的工作。比较基因组学为进化过程中移动的DNA扩增、阻遏和灭绝提供了有力的证据。最近，详细的研究小抑制RNA途径提供了强有力的证据，移动的DNA在该途径的突变体的去阻遏，这两个领域的新兴接口将在本次会议上的一个新的会议。也将有更多的研究，定义了转座因子在基因组结构和功能中的各种作用。这个及时的会议将促进学生，博士后学员和初级和高级主要研究人员之间在这个快速发展的领域中分享令人兴奋的新发现，实验挑战和悬而未决的问题。公共卫生相关性：移动的DNA在塑造哺乳动物基因组的结构和功能方面发挥了并将继续发挥重要作用。逆转录转座在整个基因组中沉积新的移动的DNA拷贝，这可以导致基因破坏、相邻基因的修饰表达和相邻DNA的转导;在DNA水平上，所得的散布的重复序列可以产生新的调控网络，或为错配序列的同源重组提供底物，导致基因复制、缺失、外显子改组和染色体易位。由人类基因组中移动的DNA的存在和移动引起的任何一种动态事件都可能导致疾病，包括减数分裂失败和不育，遗传性遗传疾病如血友病和肌营养不良症，以及躯体疾病如乳腺癌和结肠癌。