Factors Associated with Teens' Non-Responsiveness to HIV Intervention

描述（由申请人提供）：我致力于艾滋病毒/性病预防研究的职业生涯。为了成为一名完全独立的研究者，我正在申请NIMH指导研究科学家发展奖（K 01），以加强我在弱势青少年艾滋病毒/性病预防研究方面的培训和研究。为了实现这一目标，我将参加课程，讲习班，研讨会和辅导会议，以提高我现有的知识和研究技能，并获得新的知识和研究技能，具体到设计，实施，调整和评估艾滋病毒/性病预防青少年计划。我提出的研究计划，将在埃默里大学和富尔顿县卫生和健康部，在亚特兰大，格鲁吉亚，与我的导师（主要导师：R。DiClemente，联合导师：G. Wingood和S. Kalichman），可以以实质性和实用的方式为青少年艾滋病毒预防科学领域做出重大贡献。研究1是根据我的共同导师（Kalichman博士）进行的研究进行的混合方法研究，旨在：1）确定暴露于艾滋病毒干预措施的非裔美国女性青少年的比例，这些干预措施不改变其安全套的使用，2）描述与艾滋病毒干预措施后“未能改变”安全套使用相关的个人，行为和心理社会因素。来自研究1的数据直接为研究2提供信息。在研究2中，我将采用现有的有效的性别和文化定制的青少年艾滋病毒干预措施，由我的导师（DiClemente博士和Wingood博士）开发，以提高其促进非洲裔美国女性青少年使用避孕套的有效性，这些青少年在参与艾滋病毒干预后没有改变避孕套的使用。适应进程将以Wingood博士和DiClemente博士开发的顺序和系统的适应模式为指导，以促进适应进程。研究2也是一个适应性SiHLE干预的有效性的试点测试，为这个亚组的无反应的青少年。本申请中的两项研究的结果将为我们理解青少年性风险行为和制定有效的艾滋病毒干预措施做出重大贡献，这些干预措施可以改变难以改变的青少年获得艾滋病毒的风险轨迹。 公共卫生相关性：针对对性行为无反应的非洲裔美国青少年女性的艾滋病毒预防干预措施迫切需要降低风险的干预措施，因为这些人感染艾滋病毒/性病的风险特别高。其他卫生部门和社区艾滋病服务组织采用经调整的SiHLE干预措施，有可能接触到广泛的受众和受到艾滋病毒流行严重影响的人群。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): I am committed to a career in HIV/STD prevention research. To become a fully independent investigator, I am applying for the NIMH Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) to augment my training and research in HIV/STD prevention research for vulnerable adolescents. Towards this goal, I will participate in courses, workshops, seminars, and mentoring meetings to enhance my existing knowledge and research skills, and acquire new knowledge and research skills specific to the design, implementation, adaptation and evaluation of HIV/STD prevention programs for adolescents. My proposed research plan, to be conducted at Emory University and the Fulton County Department of Health and Wellness, in Atlanta, Georgia, with the guidance of my Mentors (Primary Mentor: R. DiClemente, Co-Mentors: G. Wingood and S. Kalichman), can contribute significantly to the field of adolescent HIV prevention science in substantive and practical ways. Study 1 is a mixed-method study patterned after research conducted by my Co-Mentor (Dr. Kalichman), designed to: 1) identify the proportion of African-American female adolescents exposed to an HIV intervention that do not change their condom use, and 2) describe the personal, behavioral and psychosocial factors associated with "failure to change" condom use following an HIV intervention. Data from Study 1 directly informs Study 2. In Study 2, I will adapt an existing effective gender and culturally tailored adolescent HIV intervention developed by my Mentors (Dr. DiClemente, & Dr. Wingood), to enhance its efficacy for promoting condom use among African-American female adolescents who did not change their condom use after participating in an HIV intervention. The adaptation process will be guided by a sequential and systematic adaptation model, developed by Drs. Wingood and DiClemente, to facilitate the adaptation process. Study 2 is also a pilot test of the effectiveness of the adapted SiHLE intervention for this subgroup of non-responsive adolescents. The findings from the two studies in this application will make significant contributions to our understanding of adolescent sexual risk behavior and the development of effective HIV interventions which could modify the risk trajectory for HIV acquisition in hard-to-change adolescents. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: HIV prevention interventions tailored for African-American adolescent females who are non-responsive to sexual behavior risk-reduction interventions are urgently needed as these individuals are at especially high- risk for contracting HIV/STDs. The adoption of the adapted SiHLE intervention by other health departments and community-based AIDS service organizations has the potential to reach a broad audience and a population substantially impacted by the HIV epidemic.