Drug-Mediated Alteration of Cytochrome P450

药物介导的细胞色素 P450 改变

• 批准号: 7917047
• 负责人: YOICHI OSAWA
• 金额: $ 28.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-31 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7917047
• 关键词: Address; Adverse drug effect; Adverse effects; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Binding; Biological; Biological Process; Cells; Chemicals; Chemistry; Cleaved cell; Client; Clinical Trials; Cytochrome P450; Cytochromes; Decision Making; Drug toxicity; Enzymes; Functional disorder; Gastrointestinal Motility; Gastrointestinal tract structure; Guanabenz; Heme; Hemeproteins; Injury; Knockout Mice; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Ligands; Liver; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Mediating; Metabolic; Metabolism; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Chaperones; Nature; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Oxygen; Pathway interactions; Patients; Peristalsis; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physiological Processes; Play; Process; Prosthesis; Proteins; Quality Control; Reaction; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Safety; Scheme; System; Talents; Techniques; Time; Triage; Work; Xenobiotics; aminoguanidine; base; crosslink; design; drug mechanism; drug metabolism; enzyme pathway; experience; inhibitor/antagonist; programs; protein degradation; reconstitution; repaired; response; tool; ubiquitin ligase

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term objective of the proposed research is to elucidate the mechanisms of drug- and xenobiotic- mediated inactivation, degradation, and turnover of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS), the most highly regulated cytochrome P450 enzyme, plays a key role in a variety of biological processes, including regulation of gastrointestinal motility and liver drug metabolism. The inactivation of NOS by drugs, such as guanabenz and aminoguanidine, involves the metabolic formation of reactive drug and oxygen intermediates. Our approach is to first characterize the disposition, in particular, the metabolism of the drug and related xenobiotics by NOS with the use of analytical techniques such as LC-MS/MS. We will then study how the metabolites, especially those bound to heme and protein, enhance the proteasomal degradation of the drug-altered enzyme. We have also discovered that cellular factors facilitate the insertion of heme into heme-deficient apo-NOS and we postulate that this may be a repair mechanism for metabolite- inactivated NOS. Thus, in order to understand how drug metabolism by NOS can cause adverse drug effects we propose the following specific aims: (1) To characterize the mechanism of drug-mediated inactivation of NOS. (2) To characterize what forms of inactivated and dysfunctional NOS are recognized for ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation. (3) To characterize the heme insertion process into heme- deficient apo-NOS that is facilitated by cellular protein factors. The completion of these studies will define the chemistry of how drugs are metabolized by NOS and lead to NOS inactivation. We will show how these molecular interactions lead to defined and predictable biological responses that ultimately define the pharmacological and toxicological profiles of certain drugs. This will aid in the design of safe and effective drugs to control NOS as well as strategies to decrease adverse drug effects related to NOS. We also address the fundamental biological processes of how the heme prosthetic group is inserted into P450 NOS and how cells maintain NOS protein quality control. Overall, this work furthers our understanding of how the metabolism of drugs, especially those used chronically, can alter the normal biological processes to give rise to adverse as well as beneficial drug effects. Ultimately, these studies may provide a way to predict, evaluate, and refine, the efficacy and safety of drugs and other xenobiotics.

描述（由申请方提供）：拟定研究的长期目标是阐明药物和外源性物质介导的细胞色素P450酶失活、降解和周转的机制。一氧化氮合酶（NOS）是细胞色素P450酶中调节最高的一种，在胃肠道运动和肝脏药物代谢等多种生物学过程中起着关键作用。药物如胍那苄和氨基胍对NOS的失活涉及活性药物和氧中间体的代谢形成。我们的方法是首先表征的处置，特别是，代谢的药物和相关的外源性物质的NOS与使用分析技术，如LC-MS/MS。然后，我们将研究如何代谢产物，特别是那些绑定到血红素和蛋白质，增强蛋白酶体降解的药物改变的酶。我们还发现，细胞因子促进血红素插入血红素缺乏的apo-NOS，我们推测这可能是代谢物失活的NOS的修复机制。因此，为了了解药物代谢的NOS可以导致药物不良反应，我们提出了以下具体目标：（1）表征药物介导的NOS失活的机制。(2)为了表征什么形式的失活和功能失调的NOS被识别为泛素化和蛋白酶体降解。(3)研究血红素插入血红素缺陷型apo-NOS的过程，该过程是由细胞蛋白因子促进的。这些研究的完成将定义药物如何被NOS代谢并导致NOS失活的化学过程。我们将展示这些分子相互作用如何导致确定的和可预测的生物反应，最终确定某些药物的药理学和毒理学特征。这将有助于设计安全有效的药物来控制NOS以及减少与NOS相关的药物不良反应的策略。我们还讨论了血红素辅基如何插入P450 NOS和细胞如何维持NOS蛋白质质量控制的基本生物学过程。总的来说，这项工作进一步加深了我们对药物代谢的理解，特别是那些长期使用的药物，可以改变正常的生物过程，从而产生不利和有益的药物作用。最终，这些研究可能会提供一种预测，评估和改进药物和其他外源性物质的有效性和安全性的方法。