Cortico-striatal signaling in risk preference

风险偏好中的皮质纹状体信号传导

• 批准号: 7897170
• 负责人: Jamie D. Roitman
• 金额: $ 22.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7897170
• 关键词: Accounting; Animals; Anterior; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Bipolar Disorder; Clinical; Conflict (Psychology); Corpus striatum structure; Decision Making; Disease; Drug Addiction; Emotional; Food; Gambling; Goals; Human; Impulsive Behavior; Individual; Individual Differences; Lead; Maps; Measures; Mental disorders; Monitor; Motor output; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Outcome; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Population; Probability; Prosencephalon; Rattus; Relapse; Relative (related person); Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk-Taking; Role; Series; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Structure; Sucrose; Testing; Training; Uncertainty; Update; addiction; base; cingulate cortex; cost; expectation; falls; flexibility; high risk; information gathering; interest; neural circuit; neural patterning; preference; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; reward processing; stem; theories; willingness

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Animals possess the flexibility to choose from a variety of behavioral responses in virtually every situation they encounter. Decision-making requires one to gather information from the senses to determine an appropriate behavioral response, taking into account the possible costs or rewards resulting from the alternatives. Risk-prone and maladaptive decision-making characterize a wide range of psychiatric disorders, such as drug addiction and bipolar disorder, but also pertain to such common behaviors as gambling or overextending one's credit. The goal of this proposal is to identify patterns of activity in neural structures involved in evaluating rewards and making decisions between certain and risky outcomes that will inform how risk-preference is represented in the activity of single neurons. Rats will be trained to perform tasks in which they choose between two levers in a test chamber that lead to different reward outcomes (sucrose pellets). In these studies, choices will be based on different reward magnitudes or probabilities of receiving reward. While rats perform these tasks we will record the electrophysiological activity of single neurons in the nucleus accumbens (NAC), which is critical for reward processing, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), an area thought to be important for making decisions based on reward outcome, and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), which has been implicated in monitoring conflict and risk. We are interested in how this circuit represents information about absolute reward size (e.g. '3 pellets') to relative value of reward useful for comparison (e.g. 'more than 2'). The long-term goal of our studies is to determine how aberrant signaling in these areas may underlie inaccurate representations of reward which may in turn lead to over-valuation of risky behaviors. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The pervasive problems associated with drug addiction, gambling, or overconsumption (of food or goods) stem from a willingness to engage in behaviors that yield risky outcomes. The goal of this project is to identify how reward expectations- based on the magnitude of the reward and probability of receiving it- are represented in circuitry important for processing rewards and decision-making. These studies have the potential to identify mechanisms underlying risk-preference and therefore new targets for disorders of risky behavior.

描述（由申请人提供）：动物具有灵活性，可以在几乎所有情况下从各种行为反应中进行选择。决策需要一个人从感官中收集信息，以确定适当的行为反应，同时考虑到替代方案可能带来的成本或回报。风险倾向和适应不良的决策是一系列精神疾病的特征，如药物成瘾和双相情感障碍，但也与赌博或过度信用等常见行为有关。该提案的目标是确定参与评估奖励和在某些结果和风险结果之间做出决策的神经结构的活动模式，这些模式将告知风险偏好如何在单个神经元的活动中表现出来。将训练大鼠执行任务，在测试室中的两个杠杆之间进行选择，导致不同的奖励结果（蔗糖颗粒）。在这些研究中，选择将基于不同的奖励幅度或获得奖励的概率。当大鼠执行这些任务时，我们将记录单个神经元的电生理活动，这些神经元位于对奖励处理至关重要的延髓核（NAC），眶额皮层（OFC），这是一个被认为对基于奖励结果做出决策很重要的区域，以及前扣带皮层（ACC），这与监控冲突和风险有关。我们感兴趣的是，这个回路如何将关于绝对奖励大小（例如“3粒”）的信息表示为用于比较的相对奖励值（例如“超过2”）。我们研究的长期目标是确定这些区域中的异常信号是如何导致奖励的不准确表示的，这反过来又可能导致对风险行为的高估。 公共卫生相关性：与毒瘾、赌博或过度消费（食物或商品）相关的普遍问题源于愿意从事产生危险结果的行为。该项目的目标是确定奖励期望-基于奖励的大小和获得奖励的概率-如何在对处理奖励和决策重要的电路中表示。这些研究有可能确定风险偏好的潜在机制，从而为风险行为障碍提供新的靶点。