A Community-Academic Partnership to Address Disparities in Obesity Among Youth

描述(由申请者提供)：正如《2010年健康人》中所概述的，消除健康差距，特别是在儿童肥胖方面，是美国的一个主要目标。在拟议研究的社区合作伙伴洛杉矶联合学区，43%的中小学生肥胖或超重，其中拉美裔(45%)和黑人(41%)的患病率最高，而白人(29%)和亚洲人/太平洋岛民(27%)的患病率最高。有限的体力活动和糟糕的饮食导致所有种族/族裔群体的年轻人肥胖，特别是黑人和拉丁裔。我们提出了一项为期5年的随机对照试验，以学校为基础的肥胖预防干预措施，以解决洛杉矶联合大学中学生在营养和体力活动方面的种族/民族差异。我们的目标是：(1)确定以学校为基础的社区参与性研究干预是否可以增加健康饮食、身体活动和身体健康，减少久坐行为；(2)检查干预有效性的种族和民族差异；(3)评估行为变化的理论上重要的相关因素(即态度、社会规范和自我效能)是否可以预测干预目标行为的变化；(4)估计干预的成本和收益并计算成本-效果比；以及(5)向社区利益相关者传播干预结果，并制定广泛的计划传播计划。在NIH/NCMHD RFA-MD-05-002(R24 MD001648；MA Schuster，PI)下进行的规划拨款中，我们在洛杉矶联合大学的社区合作伙伴、整个洛杉矶县投资于青少年和肥胖预防的关键利益相关者以及青少年健康促进中心的研究人员之间建立了新的关系并加强了现有关系。这种伙伴关系已经成为一种强大和蓬勃发展的合作伙伴关系，并导致我们开发、试点测试和完善我们新的校本干预措施--学生营养与锻炼(SNAX)。Snax将学校食物环境的改善和针对7年级学生及其家长的全校多媒体推广与课外俱乐部相结合，在俱乐部中，同行领导被鼓励使用激励性采访风格，向家人和同龄人推广健康饮食和体育活动。Snax旨在通过赋予青少年能力，使其成为社区内变革的倡导者，从而减少健康饮食和体育活动中的种族/民族差异。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): As outlined in Healthy People 2010, eliminating health disparities, especially with respect to child obesity, is a major US goal. In the LA Unified School District (LAUSD), the community partner for the proposed research, 43% of elementary and secondary school children in the district are obese or overweight, with the highest prevalence among Latinos (45%) and Blacks (41%), compared to Whites (29%) and Asians/Pacific Islanders (27%). Limited physical activity and poor diet contribute to obesity among youth from all racial/ethnic groups, especially Blacks and Latinos. We propose a 5-year randomized controlled trial of a school-based obesity prevention intervention to address racial/ethnic disparities in nutrition and physical activity among middle school youth in LAUSD. We aim to: (1) determine whether a school-based community-based participatory research intervention can increase healthy eating, physical activity, and physical fitness, and decrease sedentary behavior; (2) examine racial and ethnic differences in the effectiveness of the intervention; (3) assess whether theoretically important correlates of behavioral change (i.e., attitudes, social norms, and self-efficacy) predict changes in the behaviors targeted by the intervention; (4) estimate the costs and benefits of the intervention and calculate cost-effectiveness ratios; and (5) disseminate intervention results to community stakeholders and develop a plan for broad program dissemination. In a Planning Grant conducted under NIH/NCMHD RFA-MD-05-002 (R24 MD001648; MA Schuster, PI), we established new relationships and strengthened existing relationships among community partners at LAUSD, key stakeholders invested in youth and obesity prevention from across LA County, and researchers at the Center for Adolescent Health Promotion. This partnership has become a strong and thriving collaboration that has led to our developing, pilot testing, and refining our new school-based intervention, Students for Nutrition and exercise (SNaX). SNaX combines improvements to the school food environment and school-wide multimedia promotions for 7th graders and their parents with an after-school club in which peer leaders are encouraged to use a motivational interviewing style to promote healthy eating and physical activity to family and peers. SNaX aims to reduce racial/ethnic disparities in healthy eating and physical activity by empowering adolescents to be advocates for change within their communities.