Distributed Cortical Processing in Visual Working Memory

视觉工作记忆中的分布式皮层处理

• 批准号: 8913557
• 负责人: Steven L Bressler
• 金额: $ 9.56万
• 依托单位: MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY - BOZEMAN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-10-18 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8913557
• 关键词: Address; Alzheimer' s Disease; Area; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cognition; Color; Cortical Synchronization; Cues; Data; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Exploratory/Developmental Grant for Diagnostic Cancer Imaging; Goals; Health; Human; Impaired cognition; Inferior; Information Retrieval; Knowledge; Lead; Macaca; Maintenance; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Memory; Microelectrodes; Monitor; Monkeys; Neurons; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Pattern; Perception; Play; Population; Process; Research; Retrieval; Role; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Shapes; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Training; Variant; Visual; active control; base; extrastriate visual cortex; improved; insight; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neuropsychiatry; nonhuman primate; oculomotor; operation; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensorimotor system; spatiotemporal; theories; therapy development; visual information

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of the proposed research is to advance our understanding of the storage, maintenance, and retrieval of information in visual working memory. Our guiding hypothesis is that these functions involve the synchronous, and causal, interactions of neuronal populations located in prefrontal, posterior parietal, and inferior temporal cortical regions. Our research plan, based on an extensive body of preliminary studies supported by a previous R21 award, consists of two sets of experiments addressing three specific aims. In the first experiment, we will train macaque monkeys to perform an oculomotor delayed match-to-sample task in which memory load will be manipulated by changes in task duration and the inclusion of distractors. This study will enable us to test specific hypotheses regarding the neural mechanisms mediating the storage and maintenance of information in visual working memory. In the second experiment, another set of monkeys will be trained to perform a delayed match-to-sample task in which they must actively retrieve either the shape or the color of a sample object following a rule-based cue. This experiment will enable us to test specific hypotheses regarding the neural mechanisms mediating the active retrieval of information from visual working memory. In both experiments, we will perform long-term measurements of neuronal activity (i.e. unit activity and local field potentials) from up to 32 independently movable microelectrodes in prefrontal, posterior parietal, and inferior temporal cortical areas while the monkeys perform the behavioral tasks. Once the data are collected, we will apply a comprehensive battery of statistical analyses to test specific hypotheses regarding the storage, maintenance and retrieval of information in visual working memory. These analyses will characterize the spatiotemporal statistical relations between groups of simultaneously recorded neurons, between neurons and local field potentials, and between local field potentials. The results will allow us to test hypotheses concerning the synchronous neuronal interactions that occur both within and between cortical areas in support of visual working memory function. We anticipate that the proposed studies will produce new insights into the dynamics of synchronous activity thought to underlie the representation and utilization of visual information in working memory. The knowledge gained from these studies will provide an important framework for understanding synchronous functional relations in the brain that may be important in the diagnosis of pathological conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease, autism, and schizophrenia, in which these relations have already been demonstrated to be deficient.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的目标是促进我们对视觉工作记忆中信息的存储，维护和检索的理解。我们的指导假设是，这些功能涉及同步的，因果关系，位于前额叶，后顶叶和颞叶皮层下区的神经元群体的相互作用。我们的研究计划基于之前R21奖项支持的广泛的初步研究，包括两组实验，涉及三个具体目标。在第一个实验中，我们将训练猕猴执行一个视觉延迟匹配到样本的任务，其中记忆负荷将通过任务持续时间和干扰物的变化来操纵。这项研究将使我们能够测试特定的假设有关的神经机制介导的信息存储和维护的视觉工作记忆。在第二个实验中，另一组猴子将被训练执行延迟匹配到样本的任务，在这个任务中，它们必须根据基于规则的提示主动检索样本对象的形状或颜色。这个实验将使我们能够测试特定的假设，神经机制介导的信息从视觉工作记忆的主动检索。在这两个实验中，我们将进行长期的神经元活动（即单位活动和局部场电位）的测量，从多达32个独立可移动的微电极在前额叶，后顶叶，颞下皮层区域，而猴子执行的行为任务。一旦收集到数据，我们将应用一套全面的统计分析来测试关于视觉工作记忆中信息的存储，维护和检索的特定假设。这些分析将表征同时记录的神经元组之间、神经元与局部场电位之间以及局部场电位之间的时空统计关系。这些结果将使我们能够测试有关同步神经元相互作用的假设，发生在皮层区域内和之间，以支持视觉工作记忆功能。我们预计，拟议的研究将产生新的见解的动态同步活动的思想的基础上的视觉信息在工作记忆中的表示和利用。从这些研究中获得的知识将为理解大脑中的同步功能关系提供一个重要的框架，这些关系在诊断病理条件（如阿尔茨海默病，自闭症和精神分裂症）中可能是重要的，其中这些关系已经被证明是不足的。