Neurobehavioral and Functional Consequences of HIV in African Americans

非裔美国人艾滋病毒的神经行为和功能后果

• 批准号: 8660340
• 负责人: APRIL D THAMES
• 金额: $ 18.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-01 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8660340
• 关键词: AIDS neuropathy; AIDS/HIV problem; Accounting; Activities of Daily Living; Affect; African American; Algorithms; Anisotropy; Anxiety; Award; Biological; Brain; Brain Mapping; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Clinical; Cognitive; Communities; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology); Consequences of HIV; Data; Diagnostic; Disadvantaged; Disease; Education; Educational workshop; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Functional disorder; Funding; Goals; Gold; Grant; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV diagnosis; Human; Image; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Individual; Inequality; Institutes; International; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Learning; Life; Link; Measures; Medication Management; Mental Health; Mentors; Methods; Metric; Minority; Modeling; Molecular; Neuroanatomy; Neurocognitive; Neurologic Dysfunctions; Neuropsychological Tests; Neuropsychology; Neurovirology; Patients; Performance; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Psychology; Public Health; Reliance; Research; Research Proposals; Science; Social Conditions; Societies; Techniques; Testing; Training; Training and Infrastructure; Trauma; Work; Workplace; base; brain behavior; career; clinical decision-making; cognitive neuroscience; ethnic minority population; experience; functional outcomes; gray matter; health disparity; improved; literacy; meetings; neurobehavioral; neurocognitive test; neuroimaging; neuropsychological; programs; socioeconomics; statistics; symposium; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This research proposal seeks to improve the understanding of HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment on "real-life" functional outcomes in African Americans (e.g., managing medications). The objective of this K23 application is to develop a model for predicting functional outcomes using methods of neuroimaging, neurocognitive assessment, and laboratory-based functional assessments, while controlling for potentially confounding sociocultural factors (e.g., educational experience). The following research proposal begins by first identifying sociocultural factors that explain differences in neurocognitive performance between African Americans and Caucasians. Next, we will use structural neuroimaging as an objective marker of brain organization to examine relationships between neurocognitive assessment and neuroimaging in both ethnic groups while modeling in potential explanatory variables. It is expected that the relationship between neurocognitive performance and neuroimaging will be strong for Caucasians, but relatively weak for African Americans (as this group is most often affected by disadvantaged social conditions). We expect that a model that factors in potential confounding variables will increase the validity of neurocognitive testing for measuring brain function and functional outcomes among African Americans. The candidate has a background in clinical neuropsychology and seeks two primary training goals from this award: 1) learn structural neuroimaging techniques, and 2) become an expert in NeuroAIDS, within emphasis on ethnic minority populations. The candidate's work environment at the UCLA Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Semel Institute provides an excellent infrastructure for training in neuroimaging and NeuroAIDS. These labs have several funded, ongoing studies with strong ties to the Brain Mapping Center and the Laboratory of Molecular Neuroimaging (LONI). As part of this training, the candidate will attend courses and workshops in foundational neuroimaging topics (programming, statistics, image acquisition, neuroanatomy) and more advanced neuroimaging topics (e.g., DTI interpretation), as well as courses in the biological and neuropsychological sequelae of HIV infection. Training in cross-cultural psychology will be obtained through coursework offered through the Diversity Science Division within the Department of Psychology, weekly meetings with the Center for Culture, Trauma, and Mental Health and the Cultural Neuropsychology Initiative, in addition to weekly meetings with Dr. Hector Myers. She will also attend annual conferences in HIV (e.g., International Society of Neurovirology) and neuroimaging (e.g., Human Brain Mapping), and meet with mentors regularly. The candidate plans to apply for a R01 grant toward the end of the award period. Long term, she plans to establish an independent research career in health disparities focusing on brain-behavior relationships, cultural neuropsychology, and "real-world" functional outcomes.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究计划旨在提高对非裔美国人hiv相关神经认知障碍对“现实生活”功能结果的理解（例如，管理药物）。本K23应用程序的目的是开发一个模型，用于使用神经影像学、神经认知评估和基于实验室的功能评估方法预测功能结果，同时控制潜在的混淆社会文化因素（例如教育经历）。下面的研究建议首先确定解释非裔美国人和白种人之间神经认知表现差异的社会文化因素。接下来，我们将使用结构神经成像作为大脑组织的客观标记来检查两个种族中神经认知评估和神经成像之间的关系，同时对潜在的解释变量进行建模。预计神经认知表现和神经成像之间的关系在白种人中会很强，但在非裔美国人中相对较弱（因为这一群体最常受到不利社会条件的影响）。我们期望一个考虑潜在混杂变量的模型将提高非裔美国人测量脑功能和功能结果的神经认知测试的有效性。该候选人具有临床神经心理学背景，并从该奖项中寻求两个主要培训目标：1)学习结构神经成像技术，2)成为神经艾滋病专家，重点关注少数民族人群。候选人在加州大学洛杉矶分校认知神经科学中心和Semel研究所的工作环境为神经成像和神经艾滋病的培训提供了良好的基础设施。这些实验室与大脑测绘中心和分子神经成像实验室（LONI）有着密切的联系，并有一些资助的、正在进行的研究。作为培训的一部分，候选人将参加基础神经影像学主题（编程，统计学，图像采集，神经解剖学）和更高级的神经影像学主题（如DTI口译）的课程和讲习班，以及HIV感染的生物学和神经心理学后遗症的课程。跨文化心理学的培训将通过心理学系的多样性科学部提供的课程、每周与文化、创伤和心理健康中心以及文化神经心理学倡议的会议，以及每周与Hector Myers博士的会议来获得。她还将参加艾滋病毒（如国际神经病毒学学会）和神经影像学（如人脑制图）的年度会议，并定期与导师会面。候选人计划在奖励期结束时申请R01补助金。从长远来看，她计划在健康差异方面建立一个独立的研究生涯，专注于大脑-行为关系、文化神经心理学和“现实世界”的功能结果。