Role of Hypothalamic IKK-beta/NF-kappaB in Nutritional Control of Aging

描述（由申请人提供）：衰老不仅是一种重要的生物学现象，而且是许多有害的衰老相关疾病的核心基础。在认识到IKKb/NF-kB依赖性炎症介导下丘脑衰老机制的基础上，本研究的长期目标是研究所涉及的神经类型和分子级联，以开发治疗衰老相关疾病的策略。在初步研究中，已经使用星形胶质细胞特异性IKKb/NF-kB激活或抑制的小鼠模型靶向下丘脑星形胶质细胞。初步数据表明，下丘脑星形胶质细胞中IKKb/NF-kB的激活或抑制足以分别导致衰老加速或延缓。因此，在这些数据的支持下，本项目的假设是星形胶质细胞IKKb/NF-kB在衰老早期被激活以诱导神经元炎症，从而介导下丘脑衰老机制。该假说预测星形胶质细胞IKKb/NF-kB抑制可以减少衰老相关的下丘脑神经元炎症，因此提供抗衰老作用。本研究将从以下三个方面对这一假说进行验证：（1）研究星形胶质细胞IKKb/NF-kB在衰老相关的下丘脑炎症中的作用;（2）研究脑或下丘脑星形胶质细胞IKKb/NF-kB在衰老生理和寿命中的作用;（3）研究星形胶质细胞IKKb/NF-kB介导的衰老发展中的神经机制。这些目的中的实验将通过使用位点特异性和细胞类型特异性IKKb/NF-κ B激活或抑制的小鼠模型进行。将使用一系列分子方法来分析星形胶质细胞和神经元的炎症变化以及对抗衰老分子标记物（如SIRTs和FOXO）的抑制作用。此外，一组生理学和组织学方法将用于分析小鼠模型的老化。总的来说，成功完成这个项目可以对衰老的下丘脑机制产生新的见解，并启发针对下丘脑管理健康衰老和对抗致命的衰老相关疾病的潜力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Aging is not only an important biological phenomenon but a core basis in many deleterious aging-related diseases. Having appreciated that IKKb/NF-kB-dependent inflammation mediates hypothalamic mechanism of aging, the long-term objective of this research is to study the involved neural types and molecular cascades, in order to develop strategies for treating aging-related diseases. In preliminary studies, hypothalamic astroglia have been targeted, using mouse models of astroglia-specific IKKb/NF-kB activation or inhibition. Preliminary data have demonstrated IKKb/NF-kB activation or inhibition in hypothalamic astroglia was sufficient to lead to aging acceleration or retardation, respectively. Hence, supported by these data, the hypothesis of this project is that astroglial IKKb/NF-kB is activated during early aging to induce neuronal inflammation and thus mediates the hypothalamic mechanism of aging. This hypothesis predicts that astroglial IKKb/NF-kB inhibition can reduce aging-related hypothalamic neuronal inflammation and therefore provide anti-aging effects. This hypothesis will be examined in 3 Aims: (1) Study the role of astroglial IKKb/NF-kB in aging-related hypothalamic inflammation; (2) Study the role of brain or hypothalamic astroglial IKKb/NF-kB in aging physiology and lifespan; (3) Study the neuronal mechanism in astroglial IKKb/NF-kB -mediated aging development. Experiments in these Aims will be carried out by using mouse models of site- and cell type-specific IKKb/NF-kB activation or inhibition. A list of molecular methods will be used to analyze astroglial and neuronal inflammatory changes as well as the inhibitory impacts on anti-aging molecular markers such as SIRTs and FOXOs. Also, a battery of physiological and histological approaches will be used to analyze aging of mouse models. Overall, successful completion of this project can yield new insights into the hypothalamic mechanism of aging, and enlighten a potential of targeting the hypothalamus for managing healthy aging and counteracting deadly aging-related diseases.