OPS: Synergy: CPS for Smart Corrective Eyeglasses

描述（由申请人提供）： 视力下降对所有人来说都是不可避免的。到45岁时，我们眼睛中的生物透镜开始失去弹性，从而产生屈光性视觉误差，眼睛不能清晰地聚焦图像。其结果是视力模糊，有时严重到导致视力障碍。三种非常常见的屈光不正是近视（近视）、远视（远视）和老花眼（在臂长处阅读困难）。特别是，老花眼是一种不可避免的、普遍的与年龄相关的病症，其中眼睛的辨别能力永久丧失。调节是指眼睛增加其晶状体透镜的屈光力以将附近物体聚焦在视网膜上的能力。与7-10屈光度的正常范围相比，它通常在50岁时降低到约0.50屈光度。2005年，估计全世界有超过10亿人患有老花眼。尽管它的普遍性，老视背后的确切机制仍然未知。这种屈光不正无法预防，但可以通过矫正眼镜、隐形眼镜或屈光手术进行治疗。眼镜是矫正屈光性视觉误差的最常见的廉价工具。然而，传统的矫正眼镜具有许多缺点;最重要的是不能完全恢复正常眼睛的视觉调节范围。本工作的主要目标是开发集成传感、驱动、控制和数据收集的智能眼镜，用于自适应矫正由屈光不正引起的视力模糊。这种信息物理光电机械系统使用大孔径射流透镜，超轻致动器（aim 1）物距和眼睛方向传感器（aim 2），以及嵌入式控制，通信和计算电子设备的组合，以在任何物距（aim 3）连续产生全场清晰聚焦的图像。此外，这些眼镜可以记录观察者的行为，这可以用来预测处方漂移校正和更好的眼科医疗为患者和观察者环境的改善。智能眼镜的测试将使用模拟视力受损人类受试者的仪器化体模进行。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Deterioration of vision is inevitable to all humans. By the age of 45, the biological lens in our eyes starts to lose its elasticity thus producing refractive vision errors, and the eye cannot clearly focus the images. The result is blurred vision, which is sometimes so severe that it causes visual impairment. Three very common refractive errors are myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness) and presbyopia (difficulty in reading at arm's length). In particular, presbyopia is an inevitable, universal age-related condition where the accommodative ability of the eye is lost permanently. Accommodation refers to the ability of the eye to increase its refractive power of the crystalline lens in order to focus near objects on the retina. In comparison to normal range of 7-10 diopters, it typically decreases to ~0.50 diopters by the age of 50. In 2005 over one billion people worldwide were estimated to suffer from presbyopia alone. Despite its ubiquity, the exact mechanism behind presbyopia remains unknown. Such refractive errors cannot be prevented, but they are treated with corrective glasses, contact lenses or refractive surgery. Eyeglasses are the most common inexpensive tools for correction of refractive vision errors. However, conventional corrective eyeglasses have a number of drawbacks; most importantly inability to fully restore the vision accommodation range of a normal eye. The principal goal of this work is the development of integrated sensing, actuating, control and data collection Smart Eyeglasses for adaptive correction of blurred vision caused by refractive errors. This cyber-physical opto-electro-mechanical system uses a combination of large-aperture fluidic lenses, ultralight actuators (aim 1) object distance and eye direction sensors (aim 2), and embedded control, communications and computing electronics to continuously produce full-field sharply focused images at any object range (aim 3). Furthermore, these glasses can record the observer's behavior, which can be utilized to predict prescription drift corrections and better eye medical treatment for patients and improvements in the observer environment. The testing of the smart eyeglasses will be performed with an instrumented phantom simulating visually impaired human subjects.