Technology-Based Cognitive Interventions: Comparative Effectiveness and Adherence

项目摘要 这项研究的目的是发现提高认知和执行能力的最佳方法 使用技术帮助患有与年龄相关的认知衰退的老年人开展重要的日常活动- 基于认知的干预。任何成功的认知老化干预都必须满足两个要求：1） 干预必须有效和高效地提高重要活动所需的认知能力 独立生活所需的，2）干预必须是老年人能够并愿意 从事。如果这两项要求中的任何一项得不到满足，干预措施就可能失败。研究1旨在 评估技术交付的狭义和广义干预措施的相对有效性， 改善认知和支持功能独立性。训练前后的各种结果 将对措施进行评估。本研究的一个子目标是建立功能性能力的指数， 对老年人可能是灾难性的;因此，我们将重点放在Instrumental的模拟版本上。 日常生活活动（IADL）。我们还将评估个体差异是否起中介或缓和作用 认知干预效率这项研究将有助于对干预的基本知识 方法，以及有助于干预效率的理论。研究2将研究技术- 基于干预依从性。一个老年人不坚持的干预将不会有所期望的 结果。老年人将被要求坚持以技术为基础的认知干预，我们将探索 几个技术采用和医疗依从性模型的预测应用于这一领域，以及 应用一种新的时间折扣框架来探索老年人愿意花多少时间 投资于培训，以获得未来的收益。这项研究将提供指导方针和遵守的模式 以便能够设计基于技术的干预措施来促进遵守。结果的总和， 前苏联项目的两项拟议研究将为设计有针对性的、个性化的 有效提高认知和IADL表现的培训，同时确保最大效益 通过促进干预依从性来获得。

Project Summary The goal of this research is to discover the best methods to improve cognition and the ability to perform important everyday activities of older adults suffering from age-related cognitive decline using technology- based cognitive interventions. Any successful cognitive aging intervention must satisfy two requirements: 1) the intervention must effectively and efficiently improve cognitive abilities necessary for important activities required for independent living, and 2) the intervention must be one that older adults are able and willing to engage in. When either of these requirements is not met an intervention is likely to fail. Study 1 aims to assess the comparative effectiveness of technology-delivered narrow and broad interventions designed to improve cognition and support functional independence. Before and after training a variety of outcome measures will be assessed. A sub-goal of this study is to create indices of functional abilities whose failure could be catastrophic to older adults; therefore we adopt a focus on simulated versions of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). We will also assess whether individual differences mediate or moderate cognitive intervention efficiency. This study will contribute to fundamental knowledge about intervention approaches, as well as contribute to theories of intervention efficiency. Study 2 will investigate technology- based intervention adherence. An intervention that an older adult does not adhere to will not have the desired outcome. Older adults will be asked to adhere to a technology-based cognitive intervention and we will explore the predictions of several technology adoption and medical adherence models applied to this domain, as well as apply a novel temporal-discounting framework to explore the amount of time older adults are willing to invest in training to obtain benefits in the future. This study will provide guidelines and a model of adherence so that technology-based interventions can be designed that promote adherence. The sum of the results from the two proposed studies of the FSU project will provide guidelines for designing targeted, individualized training that effectively improves cognition and IADL performance while also ensuring that maximum benefits are obtained by promoting intervention adherence.