The future of tobacco control: exploring the feasibility, acceptability and cost-effectiveness of new policy directions

我们将研究在澳大利亚减少吸烟和吸烟造成的危害的一些不同方法的实际可行性，道德和公众的可接受性，以及可能的成本效益。这些政策选择将包括：（1）对烟草产品采取更严格的政策（例如禁止吸烟，以及由政府垄断烟草的制造和供应）;（2）鼓励吸烟者戒烟，改用危害较小的尼古丁使用方法，例如使用尼古丁贴片或口香糖;（3）利用新的生物技术提高吸烟者戒烟的机会（例如，对吸烟者进行基因筛查，以选择最有效的戒烟方法，并为戒烟者接种疫苗，以预防尼古丁的影响）;以及（4）可防止不吸烟者开始吸烟的新生物技术（例如，为不吸烟者接种疫苗以防止尼古丁的影响）或减少他们患烟草相关疾病的机会（例如，筛查人群中预测对尼古丁依赖和烟草相关疾病的易感性增加的基因）。该项目将提供重要信息，协助政府制定政策，将澳大利亚人口的吸烟率降低到目前的水平以下。

We will examine the practical feasibility, ethical and public acceptability, and likely cost effectiveness of a number of different ways of reducing tobacco smoking and the harm caused by smoking in Australia. These policy options will include: (1) more restrictive policies towards tobacco products (such as prohibiting tobacco smoking and creating a government monopoly on the manufacture and supply of tobacco); (2) encouraging smokers to switch from smoking cigarettes to less harmful ways of using nicotine, such as using nicotine patches or gum ; (3) using new biotechnologies to improve smokers chances of quitting (e.g. genetic screening of smokers to select the most effective way of helping them to stop smoking and vaccinating ex-smokers against the effects of nicotine); and (4) new biotechnologies that may prevent nonsmokers from beginning to smoke (e.g. vaccinating nonsmokers against the effects of nicotine) or reduce the chances of their developing tobacco-related diseases (e.g. screening the population for genes that predict an increased susceptibility to nicotine dependence and tobacco-related diseases). The project will provide important information that will assist government in formulating policies to reduce the rate of cigarette smoking in the Australian population below current levels.