Evolution and neural basis of skilled movement

熟练运动的进化和神经基础

基本信息

批准号：
8273-2007
负责人：
Whishaw, Ian
金额：
$ 6.3万
依托单位：
University of Lethbridge
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2007-01-01 至 2008-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=361972
关键词：
Evolution neural basis skilled movement

项目摘要

Each year approximately 60,000 Canadians suffer some form of brain damage. A major effect of brain damage is to leave the individual motorically incapacitated in some way. One of the most serious forms of disability is the complete or partial loss of skilled use of a limb. Skilled movements include movements of reaching for objects, manipulating objects, and using the limb and hands for feeding. My research is directed toward understanding how skilled limb movements are produced and controlled. I am especially concerned with understanding how various regions of the brain contribute to skilled limb use. I am developing an animal model of skilled limb use which eventually will show how these movements evolved, how they develop as an individual matures, how they are controlled in the adult, and how they are modified during learning. I employ three approaches to the research. I study the evolution of limb use by examining limb use in different animal species. The results are mapped onto known phylogenies. I use anatomical procedures in order to understand the neural basis of skilled limb use. I use functional brain imaging procedures to identify functional neural correlates. These studies indicate how different regions of the brain contribute to skilled limb use and how undamaged portions of the brain substitute for damaged portions. This research also includes the development of therapies for brain injury.

每年约有60,000名加拿大人遭受某种形式的脑损伤。脑损伤的主要作用是使个人以某种方式自动丧失能力。最严重的残疾形式之一是完全或部分损失了肢体的熟练使用。熟练的运动包括伸手的动作，操纵物体以及使用肢体和手进行进食的动作。我的研究旨在了解如何产生和控制熟练的肢体运动。我特别关心了解大脑的各个区域如何促进熟练的肢体使用。我正在开发一种熟练肢体使用的动物模型，该模型最终将显示这些运动如何发展，它们如何成熟，在成年人中如何控制它们以及如何在学习过程中进行修改。我采用三种方法进行研究。我通过检查不同动物物种中的肢体使用来研究肢体使用的演变。结果映射到已知的系统发育。我使用解剖程序来了解熟练肢体使用的神经基础。我使用功能性脑成像程序来识别功能性神经相关性。这些研究表明，大脑的不同区域如何有助于熟练的肢体使用以及大脑中未损坏的部分替代受损部分。这项研究还包括开发脑损伤疗法。