Speaker and session variability in speech processing

语音技术中的两个主要问题是说话人识别（谁在说话？）和语音识别（正在说什么？）。这些问题一直没有得到解决，因为言语中有许多类型的变异。例如，说话人识别系统的性能由于通道和麦克风效应而降低，需要仔细建模以区分这些干扰效应和语音信号的方面，这些方面在区分说话人方面是有用的。另一方面，在语音识别中，说话人之间的变异被认为是一种讨厌的东西，唯一真实的感兴趣的变异类型是语音变异。隐藏变量，我称之为扬声器和通道因素。我正在开发的技术纯粹是统计的，所以很难确切地说隐藏变量是什么。代表，但有理由推测，它们捕捉到了阿萨说话者的年龄和性别、传输通道中的电噪声和普通背景噪声等特征。

Two of the principal problems in speech technologyare speaker recognition (who is speaking?) and speechrecognition (what is being said?). These problemshave resisted solution because of the numerous typesof variability in speech. For example, the performance ofspeaker recognition systems degrades as a resultof channel and microphone effects and careful modelingis needed to distinguish these nuisance effects from aspectsof the speech signal which are useful in discriminatingbetween speakers. In speech recognition on the other hand,variation betweenspeakers is considered to be a nuisance and the only type of variabilitywhich is of real interest is phonetic variability.This proposal is concerned with developing newstatistical methods of modeling speaker and channel variation using`hidden variables' which I call speaker and channel factors.The techniques that I am developing are purely statistical soit is hard to say exactly what the hidden variables represent butit is reasonable to surmise that they capture features such asa speaker's age and sex, electrical noise in transmission channels andordinary background acoustic noise.